Pattern of Bacterial Isolates in Patients with Nasolacrimal Passage Obstruction and their Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital, Pune, India

Abstract

Introduction: An acquired Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction (NLDO) can occur at any age, and is classified as either primary or secondary. The nasolacrimal obstruction occurring primarily also known as Primary Acquired Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction (PANDO) is observed mainly in conditions occurring due to inflammation or fibrosis. Aim: To study the current pattern of bacterial isolates with nasolacrimal passage obstruction and their antibiotic sensitivity patterns. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of Ophthalmology at Dr. D.Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, Maharashtra, India, over the period of two years from November 2019 to November 2021. A total of 100 patients were selected for the study. All the patients coming to Ophthalmology Out-patient Department (OPD) with the complaints of epiphora discharge, or both along with regurgitation on pressure over lacrimal sac and mucoid or mucopurulent or clear regurgitant material on sac syringing were taken. Before the beginning of the investigative procedure, informed consent was taken. The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute’s (CLSI) standardised Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion test was used to determine antibiotic susceptibility. Results: In the present study, the distribution of patients according to bacterial isolates was as follows, a maximum of 62% of patients were found with no growth, while 18% Methicillin-Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), 10% Coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CoNS), 6% Streptococcus pneumoniae, and 4% Pseudomonas were observed. In the present study, CoNS was observed as the predominant bacterial isolate in the diabetics with a female preponderance followed by MSSA (39%), Pseudomonas (75%), and S. pneumoniae (33%). This study found ciprofloxacin as a broad-spectrum antibiotic that worked against most bacterial isolates. Conclusion: A higher female preponderance was observed in this study with the left side being affected in most of the patients. The pattern of antibiotic sensitivity varies from region to region and thus should be kept in mind while prescribing antimicrobial therapy to the patients.

Keywords

• antimicrobial agents
• dacryocystitis
• dacryostenosis
• microbial isolates