A Survey OF Nematodes and Evaluate the extent of damage in the agricultural sector in Bazian Plain, Sulaymaniyah Governorate / Iraq

Abstract

A survey of 60 greenhouse projects covering nearly 3,000 greenhouses was conducted. In the first stage two months before using the land soil samples were taken and analyzed the infestations were classified into three levels (strong infestation, weak infestation, and non-infested) The rate of strong infestations was 15% and weak infestations were 11.7% while the remaining percentage was 73.3% uninfected.  In the second stage samples were taken three months after using the land the results were 7.6% of these greenhouses were not infected with parasitic nematodes and the percentage of greenhouses that were weakly infected was 63.4% but 29% were strongly infected. Most of these greenhouses were sterilized and controlled with highly effective chemical nematicides, and the nematicide Velum prime was used at a rate of 89%, in a programmed manner in three stages. The cost of the control process per greenhouse ranged between $100-150. 83% of these projects were planted with cucumbers, and the rest ranged between tomatoes and peppers. 1% of these projects moved greenhouses to uncontaminated land.

Keywords

• greenhouses
• plant-parasitic nematode
• nematicide
• integrated nematode management