Effect of experimental resin cements containing thio-urethane oligomers on the durability of ceramic-composite bonded interfaces

Abstract

Thio-urethane oligomers improve conversion and mechanical properties of resin cements. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of resin cements formulated with thio-urethane (TU) oligomers on microtensile bond strength (µTBS) of ceramics to composites subjected to thermal/mechanical cycling. Methods: BisGMA/UDMA/TEGDMA (50/30/20 wt%) containg 0 (control, EC) or 20 wt% aliphatic or aromatic thiourethane (HDDI and BDI, respectively) were mixed with CQ/amine (0.2/0.8 wt%) and 25 wt% 0.7um Ba glass. Rely X Ultimate (RU-3M ESPE) was used as the commercial control. The cements were sandwiched between ceramic (IPS e.max Press) and resin composite blocks (Filtek Supreme, 3 M-ESPE). Eight bonded blocks were produced per experimental group. Prior to bonding, ceramic surfaces were etched (20 s – 10% HF) and silanized. Composite surfaces were treated with Single Bond Universal (3 M ESPE). Specimens were stored for 24 h in distilled water at 37 °C, and then either tested immediately, or subjected to thermal (10,000, 5 °C and 55 °C) or mechanical cycling (300,000 cycles). Sticks (1 mm2, average of 25 sticks per block) were cut and tested for µTBS (1.0 mm/min). Data were analyzed with two-way ANOVA/Tukey’s test (α = 5%). Fracture surfaces were analyzed to determine failure modes. Results: The µTBS for HDDI and RU was significantly higher than BDI and EC cements. BDI led to significantly higher µTBS than EC after 24 h, Tc and Mf. µTBS decreased significantly after thermal/mechanical cycling for all groups. Failure modes were predominantly adhesive or mixed. Significance: The use of selected thio-urethane oligomers was able to increase the µTBS of composite-cement-ceramic specimens. Tc and Mf reduced µTBS for all resins cements.

Keywords

• resin cement
• thio-urethane oligomers
• ceramic
• thermocycling
• load-cycling
• bond strength