Cytogenetical characterization of bovine breeds Caracu, Junqueira, Pantaneiro and Patua

Abstract

During the adaptive process to Brazilian conditions, the native cattle breeds acquired physiological and phenotypic characteristics wich differs them from European breeds, from which they derive. The objectives of present study were to compare the sex chromosomes morphologies between four Brazilian native cattle breeds as well as the incidence of chromosomal abnormalities. The karyotype of 332 animals from four breeds were analyzed: Caracu (115 females and 159 males), Junqueira (13 females and 3 males), Pantaneiro (8 males) and Patua (21 females and 13 males). The Giemsa coloring were used to read the chromosome. All cattle breeds studied showed the normal chromosome (2n=60) consisting of 58 acrocentric autosomes and two submetacentric X chromosomes in females, and one X and one Y in males. In Caracu breed, selected for dairy or beef, it was developed by animals dimorphism carriers of Y chromosome (acrocentric and submetacentric), and the beef bloodlines showed higher percentage of acrocentric Y chromosome. There was 1% significant difference in Chi-Square test. In two females and two male born from twin birth of Caracu breed it was observed chemerism 60, XX/ 60, XY, and in other female from same breed it was observed 60, XX/ 61 XXY. For other three breeds, no chromosomal abnormality was observed. The Y chromosome morphology of the Pantaneiro and Patua breeds showed dimorphism of Y chromosome (submetacentric an acrocentric). In the Junqueira breed, only submetacentric morphology was observed.

Keywords

• anomalia cromossômica
• cariótipo
• cromossomo Y
• raças naturalizadas