<i>Allium subhirsutum</i> L. as a Potential Source of Antioxidant and Anticancer Bioactive Molecules: HR-LCMS Phytochemical Profiling, In Vitro and In Vivo Pharmacological Study
Riadh Badraoui,
Tarek Rebai,
Salem Elkahoui,
Mousa Alreshidi,
Vajid N. Veettil,
Emira Noumi,
Khaled A. Al-Motair,
Kaïss Aouadi,
Adel Kadri,
Vincenzo De Feo,
Mejdi Snoussi
Affiliations
Riadh Badraoui
Department of Biology, University of Hail, P.O. Box 2440, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia
Tarek Rebai
Department of Histo-Embryology and Cytogenetics, Medicine Faculty of Sfax, University of Sfax, Road of Majida Boulia, Sfax 3029, Tunisia
Salem Elkahoui
Department of Biology, University of Hail, P.O. Box 2440, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia
Mousa Alreshidi
Department of Biology, University of Hail, P.O. Box 2440, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia
Vajid N. Veettil
Department of Biology, University of Hail, P.O. Box 2440, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia
Emira Noumi
Department of Biology, University of Hail, P.O. Box 2440, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia
Khaled A. Al-Motair
Molecular Diagnostic and Personalized Therapeutics Unit, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia
Kaïss Aouadi
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
Adel Kadri
Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts in Baljurashi, Albaha University, Albaha 65527, Saudi Arabia
Vincenzo De Feo
Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, Fisciano, 84084 Salerno, Italy
Mejdi Snoussi
Department of Biology, University of Hail, P.O. Box 2440, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia
This study investigated Allium subhirsutum L. (AS) anticancer and antioxidant effects and inhibition of tumor angiogenesis in a murine model of skeletal metastases due to inoculation of Walker 256/B cells. Phytochemical composition of AS extract (ASE) was studied by High Resolution-Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy (HR-LCMS). Total phenolic and flavonoid contents (TPC and TFC) were determined. In vitro, the antioxidant properties were evaluated by reducing power and antiradical activity against DPPH. Cancer cells’ proliferation, apoptosis, metastatic development and angiogenesis were evaluated using Walker 256/B and MatLyLu cells. The p-coumaric acid was the major phenolic acid (1700 µg/g extract). ASE showed high levels of TPC and TFC and proved potent antioxidant effects. ASE inhibited Walker 256/B and MatLyLu cells’ proliferation (Half-maximal inhibitory concentration: IC50 ≃ 150 µg/mL) and induced apoptosis. In silico and in vivo assays confirmed these findings. ASE effectively acts as a chemo-preventive compound, induces apoptosis and attenuates angiogenesis and osteolytic metastases due to Walker 256/B malignant cells.
