Elevated lipoprotein (a), small apolipoprotein (a), and the risk of arterial ischemic stroke in North American children
Neil A. Goldenberg,
Timothy J. Bernard,
Jasper Hillhouse,
Jennifer Armstrong-Wells,
Jeffrey Galinkin,
Rhonda Knapp-Clevenger,
Linda Jacobson,
Santica M. Marcovina,
Marilyn J. Manco-Johnson
Affiliations
Neil A. Goldenberg
All Children’s Research Institute, All Children’s Hospital–Johns Hopkins Medicine, St. Petersburg, FL;Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Divisions of Hematology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
Timothy J. Bernard
Mountain States Regional Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, University of Colorado School of Medicine and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO;The Pediatric Stroke Program and Department of Pediatrics, Sections of Child Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO
Jasper Hillhouse
Graduate Medical Education Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO
Jennifer Armstrong-Wells
Mountain States Regional Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, University of Colorado School of Medicine and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO;The Pediatric Stroke Program and Department of Pediatrics, Sections of Child Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO
Jeffrey Galinkin
Department of Anesthesia, University of Colorado School of Medicine and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO
Rhonda Knapp-Clevenger
Colorado Clinical Translational Science Institute, University of Colorado School of Medicine and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO
Linda Jacobson
Mountain States Regional Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, University of Colorado School of Medicine and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO
Santica M. Marcovina
Northwest Lipid Metabolism and Diabetes Research Laboratories, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
Marilyn J. Manco-Johnson
Mountain States Regional Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, University of Colorado School of Medicine and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO;The Pediatric Stroke Program and Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology/Oncology/BMT University of Colorado School of Medicine and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
Lipoprotein (a) is a risk factor for adult cardiovascular events, in which the apolipoprotein (a) component is thought to promote atherogenesis and impair fibrinolysis. We investigated whether elevated plasma lipoprotein (a) concentration and small predominant apolipoprotein (a) isoform size (number of kringle-4 domains) are risk factors for childhood arterial ischemic stroke and correlate with plasma fibrinolytic function. Patients who had had an arterial ischemic stroke in childhood (29 days - 90th percentile of race-specific reference values and apolipoprotein (a)
