Conditional survival and the prognostic value of serum carcinoembryonic antigen level in oldest old with colorectal cancer

Abstract

Abstract Background To evaluate the clinical value of serum CEA levels and their implications on the diagnostic value of the conventional TNM staging system in the oldest-old patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods The recruited subjects were colorectal cancer patients aged 85 and older. The cutoff value for normal CEA level is 5 ng/mL. Patients with elevated CEA levels were categorized as stage C1, and those with normal CEA levels as stage C0. A number of Cox proportional hazard regression models were established to evaluate the prognosis of different prognostic factors with hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The Kaplan–Meier method was utilized to display the disparate prognostic impact of multiple clinicopathological factors with the log-rank test. Results A total of 17,359 oldest-old patients diagnosed with CRC were recruited from the SEER database. The conditional survival of oldest-old patients with CRC was dismal with a 1-year conditional survival of only 11%, 18%, and 30% for patients surviving 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively. Patients with stage C1 exhibited a 48.5% increased risk of CRC-specific mortality compared with stage C0 (HR = 1.485, 95%CI = 1.393–1.583, using stage C0 patients as the reference, P < 0.001). All the stage C0 patients indicated lower HRs relative to the corresponding stage C1 patients. Conclusions Dismal conditional survival of oldest-old patients with CRC should be given additional consideration. C stage influences the prognosis of oldest-old patients with CRC.

Keywords

• Conditional survival
• Serum carcinoembryonic antigen
• Prognosis
• Oldest old
• Colorectal cancer