Reduced Graphene Oxide and Polyaniline Nanofibers Nanocomposite for the Development of an Amperometric Glucose Biosensor
Anton Popov,
Ruta Aukstakojyte,
Justina Gaidukevic,
Viktorija Lisyte,
Asta Kausaite-Minkstimiene,
Jurgis Barkauskas,
Almira Ramanaviciene
Affiliations
Anton Popov
NanoTechnas—Center of Nanotechnology and Materials Science, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko st. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
Ruta Aukstakojyte
Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko str. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
Justina Gaidukevic
Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko str. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
Viktorija Lisyte
NanoTechnas—Center of Nanotechnology and Materials Science, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko st. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
Asta Kausaite-Minkstimiene
NanoTechnas—Center of Nanotechnology and Materials Science, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko st. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
Jurgis Barkauskas
Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko str. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
Almira Ramanaviciene
NanoTechnas—Center of Nanotechnology and Materials Science, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko st. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
The control of glucose concentration is a crucial factor in clinical diagnosis and the food industry. Electrochemical biosensors based on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and conducting polymers have a high potential for practical application. A novel thermal reduction protocol of graphene oxide (GO) in the presence of malonic acid was applied for the synthesis of rGO. The rGO was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. rGO in combination with polyaniline (PANI), Nafion, and glucose oxidase (GOx) was used to develop an amperometric glucose biosensor. A graphite rod (GR) electrode premodified with a dispersion of PANI nanostructures and rGO, Nafion, and GOx was proposed as the working electrode of the biosensor. The optimal ratio of PANI and rGO in the dispersion used as a matrix for GOx immobilization was equal to 1:10. The developed glucose biosensor was characterized by a wide linear range (from 0.5 to 50 mM), low limit of detection (0.089 mM), good selectivity, reproducibility, and stability. Therefore, the developed biosensor is suitable for glucose determination in human serum. The PANI nanostructure and rGO dispersion is a promising material for the construction of electrochemical glucose biosensors.
