ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION OF NATURAL WATERS AND HOST SEDIMENTS OF THE KUZBASS WITH AN ASSESSMENT OF WATER MIGRATION (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE NARYK-OSTASHKIN AREA)

Abstract

The relevance of the research is related to the regional specificity of the coal deposit load and objects of the coal complex on water bodies. The data obtained make it possible to expand the understanding of the general regularities in the element’s distribution in the «water – coal bearing rock» system and further use them in various ecological and exploration studies. The aim of the research is to study the features of the component maximum amount distribution in the natural waters of the region and the composition of the host rocks, to estimate the rate of chemical element leaching from the rocks. Objects: surface and groundwater of the Naryksko-Ostashkinskaya area in the Kemerovo region, the most promising for coalbed methane production. Methods: modern methods for determining the water and rock chemical composition, including inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, as well as standard hydrogeochemical methods for calculating the concentration factors and water migration. Results. The paper introduces the data on 59 elements, including the micro-components of rivers, lakes and groundwater of different water exchanges: active, upper part and lower part (coal bearing rocks) of passive. When the water–rock interaction time increases, the salinity and the major ion and trace element concentrations increase as well. The calculated concentration coefficients relative to the average for groundwater leaching in a moderate climate made it possible to distinguish elements with a high level of accumulation: from major components, these are C, Na, Cl, Fe and the trace elements are Ga, Ba, Li, Zr, Pb, B, Sc, Ni, Br, Rb, Sr, Nb, Mo, I, Ag, Cd, Cs, Hg. The paper introduces as well the data on 48 elements of the coal bearing sandstones and siltstones, which, together with the literature data on some other elements, made it possible to obtain interesting relationships. For example, in a percentage relative to the total salinity, groundwaters of active water exchange contain 1–2 orders of magnitude more than in rocks: Cu, Ag, Cd, Sr, Sn, Sb, I, Cs, Hg, Pb. Taking into account water and rock composition, the coefficients of water migration were calculated, the series of migration of different types of waters were compiled, which did not reveal any fundamental differences. In all natural waters, they are highly mobile: Na, C, Cl, I, B, N, Br, Sr, Cd, Cu, Li, Mo, Ge, Zn; weakly mobile: Al, Ti, Zr, V, Nb, Eu, Mn, Si, Cr, Co, Fe, Rb.

Keywords

• surface and underground waters
• macro- and micro-component composition
• chemical composition of host rocks
• water migration
• kuznetsk coal basin