<em>Piper betel</em> Compounds Piperidine, Eugenyl Acetate, and Chlorogenic Acid Are Broad-Spectrum Anti-<em>Vibrio</em> Compounds that Are Also Effective on MDR Strains of the Pathogen
Erika Acosta-Smith,
Nidia Leon-Sicairos,
Sandeep Tiwari,
Hector Flores-Villaseñor,
Adrian Canizalez-Roman,
Ranjith Kumavath,
Preetam Ghosh,
Vasco Azevedo,
Debmalya Barh
Affiliations
Erika Acosta-Smith
Programa Regional del Noroeste para el Doctorado en Biotecnología-FCQB, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Avenida de las Américas y Josefa Ortiz (Ciudad Universitaria), Culiacán Sin. 80030, Mexico
Nidia Leon-Sicairos
CIASaP, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa. Cedros y Sauces, Fracc. Fresnos, Culiacán Sin. 80246, Mexico
Sandeep Tiwari
Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioinformática, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, CEP 31270-901, Brazil
Hector Flores-Villaseñor
CIASaP, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa. Cedros y Sauces, Fracc. Fresnos, Culiacán Sin. 80246, Mexico
Adrian Canizalez-Roman
CIASaP, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa. Cedros y Sauces, Fracc. Fresnos, Culiacán Sin. 80246, Mexico
Ranjith Kumavath
Department of Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod 671121, India
Preetam Ghosh
Department of Computer Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
Vasco Azevedo
Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioinformática, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, CEP 31270-901, Brazil
Debmalya Barh
Centre for Genomics and Applied Gene Technology, Institute of Integrative Omics and Applied Biotechnology (IIOAB), Nonakuri, Purba Medinipur, West Bengal-721172, India
The natural population of the aquatic environment supports a diverse aquatic biota and a robust seafood industry. However, this environment also provides an appropriate niche for the growth of pathogenic bacteria that cause problems for human health. For example, species of the genus Vibrio inhabit marine and estuarine environments. This genus includes species that are pathogenic to aquaculture, invertebrates, and humans. In humans, they can cause prominent diseases like gastroenteritis, wound infections, and septicemia. The increased number of multidrug resistant (MDR) Vibrio strains has drawn the attention of the scientific community to develop new broad-spectrum antibiotics. Hence, in this paper we report the bactericidal effects of compounds derived from Piper betel plants: piperidine, chlorogenic acid, and eugenyl acetate, against various strains of Vibrio species. The different MIC90 values were approximately in a range of 2–6 mg/mL, 5–16 mg/mL, 5–20 mg/mL, and 30–80 mg/mL, for piperidine, chlorogenic acid, and eugenyl acetate, respectively. Piperidine showed the best anti-Vibrio effect against the five Vibrio species tested. Interestingly, combinations of sub-inhibitory concentrations of piperidine, chlorogenic acid, and eugenyl acetate showed inhibitory effects in the Vibrio strains. Furthermore, these compounds showed synergism or partial synergism effects against MDR strains of the Vibrio species when they were incubated with antibiotics (ampicillin and chloramphenicol).