Comprehensive Immunohistochemical Analysis of Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition Biomarkers in the Invasive Micropapillary Cancer of the Breast

Abstract

Conclusion: Our evaluation of this rare subtype, focusing on the expression of key epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) molecules, revealed that it shares characteristics with the IBC-NST component within mixed tumors. Notably, contrary to expectations, a reduction in CD44 expression was found to adversely affect both OS and DFS. By conducting staining procedures simultaneously across three regions within the same patient, a novel approach has provided valuable insights into the mechanisms of EMT.