Influence of a Subsidiary Weir on the Stability of a Main Structure Built on a Finite Stratum

Abstract

Some dams globally have negatively affected downstream structures. Constructing subsidiary weirs may solve this problem. This novel study focuses on investigating the parameters of seepage beneath the original structure and the proposed subsidiary weir. Conformal mapping and finite element methods are used for the analysis. The proposed subsidiary weir consists of a sloping central apron, flat aprons on both the downstream and upstream ends, and upstream and downstream sheet piles of varying depths. The existing structure also has sheet piles of different depths at its upstream and downstream ends, with an impervious layer situated at a specific depth below both the structures. The study derives equations for the simulation of the upwards pressure on both the structures, seepage rate, and exit gradient along the downstream bed and the filter at an intermediate location. Our own developed software for the analysis and a commercial software for numerical methods named Finite Element Heat Transfer (FEHT)-version-1are used to calculate these parameters. The accuracy of the analytical and numerical methods is verified by comparing the results with experimental data, which demonstrate a good level of agreement. This study also simulates the impacts of various factors, such as sheet pile configurations, the depth of the stratum beneath the structure, the ratio of effective heads, and the length of the intermediate filter.

Keywords

• seepage
• simulation
• design
• subsidiary weir
• conformal mapping
• numerical methods