Infection and Drug Resistance (Jun 2023)

How Long Will It Take to Launch an Effective Helicobacter pylori Vaccine for Humans?

  • Li S,
  • Zhao W,
  • Xia L,
  • Kong L,
  • Yang L

Journal volume & issue
Vol. Volume 16
pp. 3787 – 3805

Abstract

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Songhui Li,1,* Wenfeng Zhao,2,* Lei Xia,3 Lingyi Kong,1 Lei Yang1 1Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 People’s Republic of China; 3Bloomage Biotechnology Corporation Limited, Jinan, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Lingyi Kong, Jiangning Campus, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639 Longmian Avenue, Chunhua Street, Jiangning District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China, Fax +86-25-8327-1405, Email [email protected] Lei Yang, Jiangning Campus, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639 Longmian Avenue, Chunhua Street, Jiangning District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-13813925076, Email [email protected]: Helicobacter pylori infection often occurs in early childhood, and can last a lifetime if not treated with medication. H. pylori infection can also cause a variety of stomach diseases, which can only be treated with a combination of antibiotics. Combinations of antibiotics can cure H. pylori infection, but it is easy to relapse and develop drug resistance. Therefore, a vaccine is a promising strategy for prevention and therapy for the infection of H. pylori. After decades of research and development, there has been no appearance of any H. pylori vaccine reaching the market, unfortunately. This review summarizes the aspects of candidate antigens, immunoadjuvants, and delivery systems in the long journey of H. pylori vaccine research, and also introduces some clinical trials that have displayed encouraging or depressing results. Possible reasons for the inability of an H. pylori vaccine to be available over the counter are cautiously discussed and some propositions for the future of H. pylori vaccines are outlined.Graphical Abstract: Keywords: Helicobacter pylori vaccines, antigen, adjuvant, delivery system, clinical trials

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