Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Lowland Rice Growth and Yield (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) under Different Farming Practices
Kammala Waththe Asanka Madhushan,
Samantha C. Karunarathna,
Dissanayake Mudiyanselage Dharmasiri Dissanayake,
Tikka Devage Chamarika Priyadarshani,
Steven L. Stephenson,
Abdallah M. Elgorban,
Turki M. Dawoud,
Alviti Kankanamalage Hasith Priyashantha,
Dongqing Dai,
Pinnaduwage Neelamanie Yapa,
Xiaoyan Wang
Affiliations
Kammala Waththe Asanka Madhushan
Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
Samantha C. Karunarathna
Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
Dissanayake Mudiyanselage Dharmasiri Dissanayake
Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Anuradhapura 50000, Sri Lanka
Tikka Devage Chamarika Priyadarshani
Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Anuradhapura 50000, Sri Lanka
Steven L. Stephenson
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas Fayetteville, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
Abdallah M. Elgorban
Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
Turki M. Dawoud
Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
Alviti Kankanamalage Hasith Priyashantha
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
Dongqing Dai
Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
Pinnaduwage Neelamanie Yapa
Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Mihintale 50300, Sri Lanka
Xiaoyan Wang
Edible Fungus Research Institute of Hunan Province, Changsha 410013, China
In this study, a field experiment was conducted to evaluate the growth and yield responses of Sri Lankan lowland rice (Oryza sativa L.) with the application of beneficial Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculum and intercropping with highly mycorrhizal-dependent vetiver grass (Chrysopogon zizanioides L.) under two different soil nutrient management systems (NMSs): conventional/chemical (CNMS) and organic (ONMS). The experiment was designed as a split plot with three blocks. Each CNMS and ONMS experiment included an untreated control (T0) and three treatments—AMF inoculation (T1), vetiver intercropping (T2), and the combination of AMF and vetiver (T3). According to the results, the colonization of rice roots with AMF was not affected significantly by the treatments and ranged from 0–15.8%. The effect was very low or absent in the early stage and then higher in the later stages of the rice plant. Furthermore, plant growth was not significantly different between the two NMSs, although grain yield was significantly higher (p 2) > T2 (0.42 kg/m2) > T3 (0.41 kg/m2) in CNMS and T2 (0.44 kg/m2) > T1 (0.41 kg/m2) > T3 (0.40 kg/m2), thus suggesting the utilization of AMF and vetiver in a lowland rice farming system is beneficial.
