香榧果实生长后期油脂及脂溶性活性物质的动态变化规律Dynamic changes of oils and liposoluble active substances in Torreya grandis at late growth stage

Abstract

为探究香榧果实生长后期油脂及脂溶性活性物质的动态变化规律，以20年生香榧为研究对象，分析测定了香榧果实生长后期种仁中油脂含量、香榧籽油中脂肪酸组成及脂溶性活性物质（角鲨烯、菜油甾醇、豆甾醇、β-谷甾醇、α-生育酚、β-生育酚）的动态变化规律，构建了香榧果实生长后期香榧籽油中脂溶性活性物质的动态积累模型。结果表明：在香榧果实生长后期种仁中油脂含量由（35.65±0.02）%增长为（54.50± 0.01）%，脂肪酸组成比例变化显著，其中油酸增幅最大；角鲨烯和植物甾醇含量呈下降趋势，生育酚呈增长趋势，完熟前变化趋势均变缓；香榧果实生长过程中香榧籽油中角鲨烯、豆甾醇、β-谷甾醇含量的动态积累模型符合倒数函数方程，菜油甾醇及生育酚含量的动态积累模型符合多项式函数方程。综上，香榧果实生长后期，种仁中油脂含量增加，脂溶性活性成分均处于动态变化中。 In order to investigate the dynamic changes of oils and liposoluble active substances in Torreya grandis at late growth stage, the 20-year-old T.grandis was taken as the research object, the dynamic changes of oil content of T.grandis kernel and fatty acid components and liposoluble active substances (including squalene, campesterol, stigmasterol, β -sitosterol, α-tocopherol and β -tocopherol) in the oils at late growth stage were analyzed and determined, and the dynamic accumulation model of liposoluble active substances in oil was established. The results showed that the oils content of T.grandis kernel increased from (35.65±0.02)% to (54.50± 0.01)% at the late growth stage, and the composition and content of fatty acids in the oils changed significantly, in which oleic acid increased the most. The contents of squalene and phytosterol showed a decreasing trend, while tocopherol showed an increasing trend and the change trend slowed down before full maturity. The dynamic accumulation model of squalene, stigmasterol and β-sitosterol contents fit the reciprocal function equation, while the dynamic accumulation model of campesterol and tocopherol contents fit the polynomial function equation. In summary, all the liposoluble active substances dynamic change with the increase of oil in the late stage of T.grandis kernel growth.

Keywords

• 香榧；油脂；脂肪酸；脂溶性活性物质
• torreya grandis; lipids; fatty acid; liposoluble active substances