Biotechnologie, Agronomie, Société et Environnement (Jan 2011)
Vitrovariation et régénération par embryogenèse somatique à partir d'embryons mûrs de blé tendre (Triticum aestivum L. var. 'Nesma' 149) : effet du borate de sodium, de la fragmentation et du scutellum
Abstract
Vitrovariation and regeneration by somatic embryogenesis from mature embryos of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L. Var. 'Nesma' 149): effect of the borate of sodium, the fragmentation and the scutellum. The combined effects of the scutellum, the fragmentation and sodium borate, on the embryogenic capacity of ripe zygotic embryos of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L. var. 'Nesma' 149) were studied. The morphological characters and yield of the regenerated plants differ from control plants and indicate somaclonales variations. The mediums containing borax (0.75 g.l-1) and comprising explants resulting from the longitudinal fragmentation of the zygotic embryos with scutellum, initiated high percentages of embryogenic callus and of regeneration over one long period of culture, with large size somatic embryos as well as a weak somaclonale variation and one very low necrosis of callus. Whereas the mediums containing less or no borax and explants resulting from transversely cut zygotic embryos and without scutellum show opposite results.
