Modification of the skin Prick test results after treatment with immunotherapy

Abstract

Background: the modifications of the skin prick test results can be used to determine the effectiveness of immunotherapy. Objective: to assess the modifications of the skin prick test results after treatment with immunotherapy, in patients treated at the “Dr. Gustavo Aldereguía Lima” University Polyclinic of Las Tunas, from September 2019 through September 2021. Methods: a cuasi-experimental, longitudinal and prospective study was carried out with 100 allergic patients treated with immunotherapy at the allergology department of the aforementioned polyclinic and during the period herein stated. Each patient underwent the skin prick test with mite extract, before the beginning and at two years of treatment. The following variables were assessed: age, sex, allergic diseases, mites, values of the prick test and frequency of symptoms. Results: there was prevalence in the sample of the 5 to 19 age group (69 %) and females were more frequent (57 %). The Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus was the mite with the highest sensibility (80 %) and the most frequent disease was allergic rhinitis (65 %), followed by bronchial asthma (59 %). Before the intervention, 63 % of the patients presented symptoms with a weekly frequency and at two years 93 % had reduced the frequency to more than three months. The response intensity of the skin test decreased significantly. Conclusions: the modifications of the skin prick test results, after treatment with immunotherapy, were significant.

Keywords

• pruebas cutáneas
• inmunoterapia
• hipersensibilidad