THE TRANSFORMATION PHENOMENON IN THE HOLIDAY CULTURE OF PEASANTS FROM THE EUROPEAN NORTH OF RUSSIA IN 1911 – THE FIRST HALF OF THE 1930s (BASED ON PEASANT DIARIES)

Abstract

Background. The first third of the XX century in the history of our country is characterized by global changes in all spheres of society. They were associated with a change in the political system. The purpose of the article is to track how these changes have influenced the formation of the official holiday calendar, and to correlate it with the holidays that the peasants of the European North of Russia celebrated according to the diaries. Materials and methods. The implementation of research tasks was achieved based on a study of published diaries of peasants of the European North of Russia. The methodological basis of the research is the principles of historicism and objectivity. To achieve this goal, we used the historical-comparative, historical-genetic and diachronous methods, which made possible to examine the studied phenomena at different time points and to identify the occurring changes. Results. The calendars for 1911, 1921, 1925, 1931 are analyzed. The changes that have occurred in the official holiday calendar are revealed. The gradual transformational processes in the festive culture that take place among the peasant in these years are traced. Conclusions. Based on the diary entries of the peasants of the European North of Russia, changes in the festive culture occurring after the establishment of Soviet power were traced.

Keywords

• peasantry
• diary
• calendar
• decree
• religious and soviet holidays