F1000Research (Feb 2014)
Study protocol for examining job strain as a risk factor for severe unipolar depression in an individual participant meta-analysis of 14 European cohorts [v2; ref status: indexed, http://f1000r.es/30q]
- Ida E. H. Madsen,
- Harald Hannerz,
- Solja T. Nyberg,
- Linda L. Magnusson Hanson,
- Kirsi Ahola,
- Lars Alfredsson,
- G. David Batty,
- Jakob B. Bjorner,
- Marianne Borritz,
- Hermann Burr,
- Nico Dragano,
- Jane E. Ferrie,
- Mark Hamer,
- Markus Jokela,
- Anders Knutsson,
- Markku Koskenvuo,
- Aki Koskinen,
- Constanze Leineweber,
- Martin L. Nielsen,
- Maria Nordin,
- Tuula Oksanen,
- Jan H. Pejtersen,
- Jaana Pentti,
- Paula Salo,
- Archana Singh-Manoux,
- Sakari Suominen,
- Töres Theorell,
- Salla Toppinen-Tanner,
- Jussi Vahtera,
- Ari Väänänen,
- Peter J. M Westerholm,
- Hugo Westerlund,
- Eleonor Fransson,
- Katriina Heikkilä,
- Marianna Virtanen,
- Reiner Rugulies,
- Mika Kivimäki,
- for the IPD-Work Consortium
Affiliations
- Ida E. H. Madsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark
- Harald Hannerz
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark
- Solja T. Nyberg
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, FI-00250, Finland
- Linda L. Magnusson Hanson
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SE-171 77, Sweden
- Kirsi Ahola
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, FI-00250, Finland
- Lars Alfredsson
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, SE-104 22, Sweden
- G. David Batty
- Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, GB-EH8 9JZ, UK
- Jakob B. Bjorner
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark
- Marianne Borritz
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Copenhagen, DK-2400, Denmark
- Hermann Burr
- Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA, Berlin, DE- 10317, Germany
- Nico Dragano
- Department of Medical Sociology, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, DE-40225, Germany
- Jane E. Ferrie
- School of Community and Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, GB-BS8 2PS, UK
- Mark Hamer
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, GB-WC1E 6BT, UK
- Markus Jokela
- Institute of Behavioral Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
- Anders Knutsson
- Department of Health Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Sundsvall, SE-851 70, Sweden
- Markku Koskenvuo
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
- Aki Koskinen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, FI-00250, Finland
- Constanze Leineweber
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SE-171 77, Sweden
- Martin L. Nielsen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Copenhagen, DK-2400, Denmark
- Maria Nordin
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, SE-901 85, Sweden
- Tuula Oksanen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, FI-00250, Finland
- Jan H. Pejtersen
- The Danish National Centre for Social Research, Copenhagen, DK-1052, Denmark
- Jaana Pentti
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, FI-00250, Finland
- Paula Salo
- Department of Psychology, University of Turku, Turku, FI- 20014, Finland
- Archana Singh-Manoux
- Inserm U1018, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, F-94807, France
- Sakari Suominen
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, FI-20014, Finland
- Töres Theorell
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SE-171 77, Sweden
- Salla Toppinen-Tanner
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, FI-00250, Finland
- Jussi Vahtera
- Turku University Hospital, Turku, FI-20520, Finland
- Ari Väänänen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, FI-00250, Finland
- Peter J. M Westerholm
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, SE- 751 85, Sweden
- Hugo Westerlund
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SE-171 77, Sweden
- Eleonor Fransson
- School of Health Sciences, Jönköping University, Jönköping, SE- 553 18, Sweden
- Katriina Heikkilä
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, FI-00250, Finland
- Marianna Virtanen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, FI-00250, Finland
- Reiner Rugulies
- Department of Public Health and Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK-1353, Denmark
- Mika Kivimäki
- Institute of Behavioral Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
- for the IPD-Work Consortium
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.2-233.v2
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 2
Abstract
Background: Previous studies have shown that gainfully employed individuals with high work demands and low control at work (denoted “job strain”) are at increased risk of common mental disorders, including depression. Most existing studies have, however, measured depression using self-rated symptom scales that do not necessarily correspond to clinically diagnosed depression. In addition, a meta-analysis from 2008 indicated publication bias in the field. Methods: This study protocol describes the planned design and analyses of an individual participant data meta-analysis, to examine whether job strain is associated with an increased risk of clinically diagnosed unipolar depression based on hospital treatment registers. The study will be based on data from approximately 120,000 individuals who participated in 14 studies on work environment and health in 4 European countries. The self-reported working conditions data will be merged with national registers on psychiatric hospital treatment, primarily hospital admissions. Study-specific risk estimates for the association between job strain and depression will be calculated using Cox regressions. The study-specific risk estimates will be pooled using random effects meta-analysis. Discussion: The planned analyses will help clarify whether job strain is associated with an increased risk of clinically diagnosed unipolar depression. As the analysis is based on pre-planned study protocols and an individual participant data meta-analysis, the pooled risk estimates will not be influenced by selective reporting and publication bias. However, the results of the planned study may only pertain to severe cases of unipolar depression, because of the outcome measure applied.
Keywords
- Epidemiology
- Methods for Diagnostic & Therapeutic Studies
- Mood Disorders
- Social & Behavioral Determinants of Health
- Statistical Methodologies & Health Informatics