Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery (Mar 2004)

Efeitos do local de inserção do dreno pleural na função pulmonar no pós-operatório de cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio Effects of the pleural drain site on the pulmonary function after coronary artery bypass graf

  • Solange Guizilini,
  • Walter J. Gomes,
  • Sonia M. Faresin,
  • Antonio Carlos C. Carvalho,
  • Jaime I. Jaramillo,
  • Francisco A. Alves,
  • Roberto Catani,
  • Enio Buffolo

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-76382004000100010
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 19, no. 1
pp. 47 – 54

Abstract

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OBJETIVO: Analisar a alteração da função pulmonar e dor em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio (RM) com enxerto da artéria torácica interna esquerda (ATIE), sem circulação extracorpórea (CEC), comparando a inserção do dreno pleural nas regiões intercostal e subxifóide. MÉTODO: Vinte e oito pacientes (média de idade 57,4 ± 8,4 anos) foram alocados em dois grupos, de acordo com a posição do dreno pleural. Grupo IL (n=15) com inserção do dreno no sexto espaço intercostal esquerdo na linha axilar média; e grupo IM (n =13) inserção do dreno na região subxifóide. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos à avaliação da função pulmonar. Registros espirométricos da capacidade vital forçada (CVF) e do volume expiratório forçado no primeiro segundo (VEF1) foram obtidos no pré, primeiro, terceiro e quinto dia dias pós-operatório (PO) e a gasometria arterial em ar ambiente no pré e primeiro dia de pós-operatório. A sensação de dor foi quantificada por um escore padrão (0 a 10) no primeiro dia de pós-operatório. RESULTADOS: Em ambos os grupos houve queda significativa da CVF e do VEF1 até o quinto pós-operatório (pOBJECTIVE: To analyze the pulmonary function changes and pain in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting utilizing a left internal thoracic artery graft, comparing the pleural drain insertion through the intercostal space and subxyphoid approach. METHODS: Twenty eight patients (mean age 57.4 ± 8.4 years) were divided into two groups, according to the pleural drain site. Group IL (n=15) had the pleural drain inserted through the sixth left intercostal space at the mid-axillary line and in the IM group (n=13) the drain was placed through the subxyphoid region. All the patients underwent pre- and post-operative evaluation of pulmonary function tests as well as arterial blood gas analysis. Forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) were recorded in the preoperative period, and in the first, third and fifth postoperative days. The pain sensation was evaluated using a standard score from 0 to 10. RESULTS: In both groups falls in FVC and FEV1 were noted, up to the fifth postoperative day (P<0.001). However, the decrease was higher in the IL group, when compared to the IM group (p<0.05). Also arterial blood gas analysis showed a decline of the partial oxygen pressure in both groups on the fist postoperative day, but more significantly in the IL group (p=0.021). The pain sensation was higher in the IL group (p=0.002). CONCLUSION: Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting with using of left internal thoracic artery, disregarding the pleural drain site, leads to a significant decrease of postoperative pulmonary function. However, the subxyphoid technique of drain insertion has shown a better preservation of the lung function when compared to the intercostal drain site.

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