Land (Apr 2023)
Testing the Effect of Relative Pollen Productivity on the REVEALS Model: A Validated Reconstruction of Europe-Wide Holocene Vegetation
- M. A. Serge,
- F. Mazier,
- R. Fyfe,
- M.-J. Gaillard,
- T. Klein,
- A. Lagnoux,
- D. Galop,
- E. Githumbi,
- M. Mindrescu,
- A. B. Nielsen,
- A.-K. Trondman,
- A. Poska,
- S. Sugita,
- J. Woodbridge,
- D. Abel-Schaad,
- C. Åkesson,
- T. Alenius,
- B. Ammann,
- S. T. Andersen,
- R. Scott Anderson,
- M. Andrič,
- L. Balakauskas,
- L. Barnekow,
- V. Batalova,
- J. Bergman,
- H. John B. Birks,
- L. Björkman,
- A. E. Bjune,
- O. Borisova,
- N. Broothaerts,
- J. Carrion,
- C. Caseldine,
- J. Christiansen,
- Q. Cui,
- A. Currás,
- S. Czerwiński,
- R. David,
- A. L. Davies,
- R. De Jong,
- F. Di Rita,
- B. Dietre,
- W. Dörfler,
- E. Doyen,
- K. J. Edwards,
- A. Ejarque,
- E. Endtmann,
- D. Etienne,
- E. Faure,
- I. Feeser,
- A. Feurdean,
- E. Fischer,
- W. Fletcher,
- F. Franco-Múgica,
- E. D. Fredh,
- C. Froyd,
- S. Garcés-Pastor,
- I. García-Moreiras,
- E. Gauthier,
- G. Gil-Romera,
- P. González-Sampériz,
- M. J. Grant,
- R. Grindean,
- J. N. Haas,
- G. Hannon,
- A.-J. Heather,
- M. Heikkilä,
- K. Hjelle,
- S. Jahns,
- N. Jasiunas,
- G. Jiménez-Moreno,
- I. Jouffroy-Bapicot,
- M. Kabailienė,
- I. M. Kamerling,
- M. Kangur,
- M. Karpińska-Kołaczek,
- A. Kasianova,
- P. Kołaczek,
- P. Lagerås,
- M. Latalowa,
- J. Lechterbeck,
- C. Leroyer,
- M. Leydet,
- M. Lindbladh,
- O. Lisitsyna,
- J.-A. López-Sáez,
- John Lowe,
- R. Luelmo-Lautenschlaeger,
- E. Lukanina,
- L. Macijauskaitė,
- D. Magri,
- D. Marguerie,
- L. Marquer,
- A. Martinez-Cortizas,
- I. Mehl,
- J. M. Mesa-Fernández,
- T. Mighall,
- A. Miola,
- Y. Miras,
- C. Morales-Molino,
- A. Mrotzek,
- C. Muñoz Sobrino,
- B. Odgaard,
- I. Ozola,
- S. Pérez-Díaz,
- R. P. Pérez-Obiol,
- C. Poggi,
- P. Ramil Rego,
- M. J. Ramos-Román,
- P. Rasmussen,
- M. Reille,
- M. Rösch,
- P. Ruffaldi,
- M. Sanchez Goni,
- N. Savukynienė,
- T. Schröder,
- M. Schult,
- U. Segerström,
- H. Seppä,
- G. Servera Vives,
- L. Shumilovskikh,
- H. W. Smettan,
- M. Stancikaite,
- A. C. Stevenson,
- N. Stivrins,
- I. Tantau,
- M. Theuerkauf,
- S. Tonkov,
- W. O. van der Knaap,
- J. F. N. van Leeuwen,
- E. Vecmane,
- G. Verstraeten,
- S. Veski,
- R. Voigt,
- H. Von Stedingk,
- M. P. Waller,
- J. Wiethold,
- K. J. Willis,
- S. Wolters,
- V. P. Zernitskaya
Affiliations
- M. A. Serge
- Laboratoire Géographie de l’Environnement, UMR 5602, CNRS, Université de Toulouse-Jean Jaurès, 31058 Toulouse, France
- F. Mazier
- Laboratoire Géographie de l’Environnement, UMR 5602, CNRS, Université de Toulouse-Jean Jaurès, 31058 Toulouse, France
- R. Fyfe
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK
- M.-J. Gaillard
- Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Linnaeus University, 39182 Kalmar, Sweden
- T. Klein
- ENAC—Ecole Nationale de L’Aviation Civile, Université de Toulouse, 31055 Toulouse, France
- A. Lagnoux
- Institut de Mathématiques de Toulouse, UMR5219, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UT2J, 31058 Toulouse, France
- D. Galop
- Laboratoire Géographie de l’Environnement, UMR 5602, CNRS, Université de Toulouse-Jean Jaurès, 31058 Toulouse, France
- E. Githumbi
- Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Linnaeus University, 39182 Kalmar, Sweden
- M. Mindrescu
- Department of Geography, University of Suceava, 13 Universităţii Sreet, 720229 Suceava, Romania
- A. B. Nielsen
- Department of Geology, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
- A.-K. Trondman
- Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Linnaeus University, 39182 Kalmar, Sweden
- A. Poska
- Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, University of Lund, 22362 Lund, Sweden
- S. Sugita
- Institute of Ecology, Tallinn University, 10120 Tallinn, Estonia
- J. Woodbridge
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK
- D. Abel-Schaad
- Department of Botany, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- C. Åkesson
- Department of Geology, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
- T. Alenius
- Department of Archaeology, Turku Institute for Advanced Studies (TIAS), University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
- B. Ammann
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Altenbergrain 21, 3013 Bern, Switzerland
- S. T. Andersen
- Ministry of the Environment, Geological Survey of Denmark, 1350 Copenhagen NV, Denmark
- R. Scott Anderson
- School of Earth & Sustainability, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
- M. Andrič
- Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Institute of Archaeology, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- L. Balakauskas
- Institute of Geosciences, Vilnius University, 03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
- L. Barnekow
- Department of Geology, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
- V. Batalova
- Department of Palynology and Climate Dynamics, Georg August University, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
- J. Bergman
- The Archaeologists, National Historical Museums, 114 55 Stockholm, Sweden
- H. John B. Birks
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, University of Bergen, 7803 Bergen, Norway
- L. Björkman
- Viscum Pollenanalys & Miljöhistoria, Ånhult 1, 571 93 Nässjö, Sweden
- A. E. Bjune
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, University of Bergen, 7803 Bergen, Norway
- O. Borisova
- Institute of Geography Russian Academy of Sciences, 119017 Moscow, Russia
- N. Broothaerts
- Division of Geography and Tourism, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Celestijnenlaan 200E, Heverlee, B-3001 KU Leuven, Belgium
- J. Carrion
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
- C. Caseldine
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Treliever Road, Penryn TR10 9FE, UK
- J. Christiansen
- Department of Palynology and Climate Dynamics, Georg August University, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
- Q. Cui
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- A. Currás
- Institute of Heritage Sciences, National Spanish Research Council (INCIPIT-CSIC), Edificio Fontán Bloque 4, Monte Gaiás, 15707 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- S. Czerwiński
- Climate Change Ecology Research Unit, Adam Mickiewicz University, Bogumiła Krygowskiego 10, 61-680 Poznań, Poland
- R. David
- Archeosciences Laboratory, UMR 6566 CReAAH, CNRS, Université de Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes, France
- A. L. Davies
- School of Geography and Sustainable Development, University of St. Andrews, Irvine Building, North Street, St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9AL, UK
- R. De Jong
- Department of Earth and Ecosystem Sciences, Lund University, 22362 Lund, Sweden
- F. Di Rita
- Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
- B. Dietre
- Department of Botany, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartstrasse 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- W. Dörfler
- Institut für Ur- und Frühgeschichte, Christian-Albrechts University, 24106 Kiel, Germany
- E. Doyen
- Paleobotalab, Bureau d’étude Spécialisé en Reconstitution des Paléoenvironnements à Partir de Vestiges Botaniques, 01300 Nattages, France
- K. J. Edwards
- Departments of Geography & Environment and Archaeology, School of Geosciences, University of Aberdeen, St Mary’s, Elphinstone Road, Aberdeen AB24 3UF, UK
- A. Ejarque
- ISEM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, 4R22600 Montpellier, France
- E. Endtmann
- Landesamt für Geologie und Bergwesen, An der Fliederwegkaserne 13, 06130 Halle, Germany
- D. Etienne
- French National Institute for Agriculture, Food, and Environment (INRAE), Savoie Mont Blanc University, 75338 Chambéry, France
- E. Faure
- University Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, “Exposome and Heredity” Team, CESP UMR1018, 94805 Villejuif, France
- I. Feeser
- Institut für Ur- und Frühgeschichte, Christian-Albrechts University, 24106 Kiel, Germany
- A. Feurdean
- Department of Physical Geography, Goethe University, 73728 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- E. Fischer
- Landesamt für Denkmalpflege im Regierungspräsidium, 79102 Stuttgart, Germany
- W. Fletcher
- Department of Geography, School of Environment, Education and Development, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- F. Franco-Múgica
- Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- E. D. Fredh
- Museum of Archaeology, University of Stavanger, 4010 Stavanger, Norway
- C. Froyd
- Department of Biosciences, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
- S. Garcés-Pastor
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- I. García-Moreiras
- Centro de Investigación Mariña, University of Vigo, Campus As Lagoas-Marcosende s/n, E-36310 Vigo, Spain
- E. Gauthier
- Chrono-environnement, UMR 6249 CNRS, University of Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
- G. Gil-Romera
- Department of Geo-Environmental Processes and Global Change, Pyrenean Institute of Ecology, CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- P. González-Sampériz
- Department of Geo-Environmental Processes and Global Change, Pyrenean Institute of Ecology, CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- M. J. Grant
- Coastal and Offshore Archaeological Research Services (COARS), Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Centre Southampton, University of Southampton, European Way, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UK
- R. Grindean
- Department of Geology, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeş-Bolyai University, Kogălniceanu 1, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- J. N. Haas
- Department of Botany, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartstrasse 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- G. Hannon
- Department of Geography and Planning, University of Liverpool, UoL, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
- A.-J. Heather
- Institute for Quaternary and Climate Studies, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA
- M. Heikkilä
- Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- K. Hjelle
- Department of Natural History, University Museum of Bergen, University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7800, N-5020 Bergen, Norway
- S. Jahns
- Heritage Management and Archaeological Museum of the State of Brandenburg, Wünsdorfer Platz 4–5, 15806 Zossen, Germany
- N. Jasiunas
- Faculty of Geography and Earth Sciences, University of Latvia, Raina Blvd 19, Riga LV-1586, Latvia
- G. Jiménez-Moreno
- Departamento de Estratigrafía y Paleontología, Universidad de Granada, Avda. Fuentenueva S/N, 18002 Granada, Spain
- I. Jouffroy-Bapicot
- Chrono-environnement, UMR 6249 CNRS, University of Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
- M. Kabailienė
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vilnius University, M.K. Čiurlionio Str. 21/27, 03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
- I. M. Kamerling
- Faculty of Archaeology, Leiden University, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
- M. Kangur
- Institute of Ecology, Tallinn University, 10120 Tallinn, Estonia
- M. Karpińska-Kołaczek
- Climate Change Ecology Research Unit, Adam Mickiewicz University, Bogumiła Krygowskiego 10, 61-680 Poznań, Poland
- A. Kasianova
- Department of Palynology and Climate Dynamics, Georg August University, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
- P. Kołaczek
- Climate Change Ecology Research Unit, Adam Mickiewicz University, Bogumiła Krygowskiego 10, 61-680 Poznań, Poland
- P. Lagerås
- The Archaeologists, National Historical Museums, 114 55 Stockholm, Sweden
- M. Latalowa
- Department of Plant Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, ul. Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
- J. Lechterbeck
- Museum of Archaeology, University of Stavanger, 4010 Stavanger, Norway
- C. Leroyer
- Archeosciences Laboratory, UMR 6566 CReAAH, CNRS, Université de Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes, France
- M. Leydet
- IMBE, Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Univ, CNRS, IRD, 7263 Aix-en-Provence, France
- M. Lindbladh
- Centre of Southern Swedish Forest Research, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU, 7070 Uppsala, Sweden
- O. Lisitsyna
- Department of Geology, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia
- J.-A. López-Sáez
- RG Environmental Archaeology, Institute of History, Spanish Council for Scientific Research, 28037 Madrid, Spain
- John Lowe
- Centre for Quaternary Research, Department of Geography, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham TW20 0EX, UK
- R. Luelmo-Lautenschlaeger
- ISEM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, 4R22600 Montpellier, France
- E. Lukanina
- Department of Palynology and Climate Dynamics, Georg August University, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
- L. Macijauskaitė
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vilnius University, M.K. Čiurlionio Str. 21/27, 03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
- D. Magri
- Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
- D. Marguerie
- UMR 6553 ECOBIO/Thème PaysaBio, Université de Rennes, CEDEX, 35042 Rennes, France
- L. Marquer
- Department of Botany, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartstrasse 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- A. Martinez-Cortizas
- CRETUS, EcoPast (GI-1553), Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- I. Mehl
- Department of Natural History, University Museum of Bergen, University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7800, N-5020 Bergen, Norway
- J. M. Mesa-Fernández
- Departamento de Estratigrafía y Paleontología, Universidad de Granada, Avda. Fuentenueva S/N, 18002 Granada, Spain
- T. Mighall
- Departments of Geography & Environment and Archaeology, School of Geosciences, University of Aberdeen, St Mary’s, Elphinstone Road, Aberdeen AB24 3UF, UK
- A. Miola
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35121 Padova, Italy
- Y. Miras
- CNRS, HNHP, UMR 7194, Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, 75005 Paris, France
- C. Morales-Molino
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Altenbergrain 21, 3013 Bern, Switzerland
- A. Mrotzek
- Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, University of Greifswald, Soldmannstraße 15, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany
- C. Muñoz Sobrino
- Centro de Investigación Mariña, University of Vigo, Campus As Lagoas-Marcosende s/n, E-36310 Vigo, Spain
- B. Odgaard
- Department of Geoscience, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- I. Ozola
- Latvian State Forest Research Institute “Silava”, Rigas iela 111, LV2169 Salaspils, Latvia
- S. Pérez-Díaz
- Department of Geography, Urban and Regional Planning, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
- R. P. Pérez-Obiol
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- C. Poggi
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35121 Padova, Italy
- P. Ramil Rego
- Laboratorio de Botánica and Biogeografía, Departamento de Botánica, Escola Politécnica Superior, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Universitario s/n, 27002 Lugo, Spain
- M. J. Ramos-Román
- Department of Geosciencies and Geography, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- P. Rasmussen
- The National Museum of Denmark, Section for Environmental Archaeology and Materials Science, I.C. Modewegsvej 11, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
- M. Reille
- Lab. de Botanique Historique et Palynologie, Inst. Méditerranéen d’Ecologie et de Paléoécologie, Faculté des Sciences de Saint Jérôme, UMR CNRS 6116, Case 451, CEDEX 20, 13397 Marseille, France
- M. Rösch
- LDA Baden-Württemberg, Archäobotanik, Fischersteig 9, 78343 Gaienhofen-Hemmenhofen, Germany
- P. Ruffaldi
- Chrono-environnement, UMR 6249 CNRS, University of Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
- M. Sanchez Goni
- Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (EPHE, PSL), Paris and Environnements, Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux (UMR EPOC), University of Bordeaux, 33600 Pessac, France
- N. Savukynienė
- Institute of Geology and Geography, Nature Research Centre, Akademijos Str. 2, 08412 Vilnius, Lithuania
- T. Schröder
- Institute of Neotectonics and Natural Hazards, RWTH Aachen University, 52062 Aachen, Germany
- M. Schult
- Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, University of Greifswald, Soldmannstraße 15, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany
- U. Segerström
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), 901 83 Umeå, Sweden
- H. Seppä
- Department of Geosciencies and Geography, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- G. Servera Vives
- ArqueoUIB, Department of Historical Sciences and Theory of Art, University of the Balearic Islands, Carretera de Valldemossa Km 7.5, 07122 Palma, Mallorca, Spain
- L. Shumilovskikh
- Department of Palynology and Climate Dynamics, Georg August University, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
- H. W. Smettan
- Materialhefte zur Arhäologie in Baden-Württemberg, Heft 49. Konrad Theiss Verlag, 2000 Stuttgart, Germany
- M. Stancikaite
- Institute of Geology and Geography, Nature Research Centre, Akademijos Str. 2, 08412 Vilnius, Lithuania
- A. C. Stevenson
- School of Geography, Politics and Sociology, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
- N. Stivrins
- Department of Geology, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia
- I. Tantau
- Department of Geology, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeş-Bolyai University, Kogălniceanu 1, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- M. Theuerkauf
- Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, University of Greifswald, Soldmannstraße 15, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany
- S. Tonkov
- Laboratory of Palynology, Department of Botany, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University, St. Kliment Ohridski, 8 Dragan Tzankov bd., 1504 Sofia, Bulgaria
- W. O. van der Knaap
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Altenbergrain 21, 3013 Bern, Switzerland
- J. F. N. van Leeuwen
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Altenbergrain 21, 3013 Bern, Switzerland
- E. Vecmane
- Latvian Hydroecology Institute, LV-1019 Riga, Latvia
- G. Verstraeten
- Division of Geography and Tourism, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Celestijnenlaan 200E, Heverlee, B-3001 KU Leuven, Belgium
- S. Veski
- Department of Geology, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia
- R. Voigt
- Department of Palynology and Climate Dynamics, Georg August University, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
- H. Von Stedingk
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), 901 83 Umeå, Sweden
- M. P. Waller
- Centre for Earth and Environmental Science Research, School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, Kingston University, Penrhyn Road, Kingston upon Thames, Surrey KT1 2EE, UK
- J. Wiethold
- Institut National de Recherches Archéologiques Préventives, Laboratoire Archéobotanique, Metz, 12, Rue de Méric, CEDEX 2, F-57063 Metz, France
- K. J. Willis
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3SZ, UK
- S. Wolters
- Lower Saxony Institute for Historical Coastal Research, 26382 Wilhelmshaven, Germany
- V. P. Zernitskaya
- Institute of Nature Management, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, F. Skorynu Str. 10, 220114 Minsk, Belarus
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3390/land12050986
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 12,
no. 5
p. 986
Abstract
Reliable quantitative vegetation reconstructions for Europe during the Holocene are crucial to improving our understanding of landscape dynamics, making it possible to assess the past effects of environmental variables and land-use change on ecosystems and biodiversity, and mitigating their effects in the future. We present here the most spatially extensive and temporally continuous pollen-based reconstructions of plant cover in Europe (at a spatial resolution of 1° × 1°) over the Holocene (last 11.7 ka BP) using the ‘Regional Estimates of VEgetation Abundance from Large Sites’ (REVEALS) model. This study has three main aims. First, to present the most accurate and reliable generation of REVEALS reconstructions across Europe so far. This has been achieved by including a larger number of pollen records compared to former analyses, in particular from the Mediterranean area. Second, to discuss methodological issues in the quantification of past land cover by using alternative datasets of relative pollen productivities (RPPs), one of the key input parameters of REVEALS, to test model sensitivity. Finally, to validate our reconstructions with the global forest change dataset. The results suggest that the RPPs.st1 (31 taxa) dataset is best suited to producing regional vegetation cover estimates for Europe. These reconstructions offer a long-term perspective providing unique possibilities to explore spatial-temporal changes in past land cover and biodiversity.
Keywords
