Rotational Guided Growth: A Preliminary Study of Its Use in Children

Abstract

Torsional malalignment of the legs is common in children, and those that do not remodel may benefit from surgical correction. Traditionally, this is corrected with an open osteotomy. Guided growth is the gold standard for minimally invasive angular correction and has been investigated for use in torsional deformities. This study presents our preliminary results of rotationally guided growth in the femur and tibia using a novel technique of peripheral flexible tethers. A total of 8 bones in 5 patients were treated with flexible tethers consisting of separated halves of a hinge plate (Orthopediatrics Pega Medical, Montreal, QC, Canada), which were fixed to the epiphysis and metaphysis at 45° angles to the physis and connected with Fibertape (Arthrex, Naples, FL, USA). The implants are placed medially and laterally in the opposite 45° inclination, determined by the desired direction of rotation. Additionally, the average treatment time was 12 months. All patients corrected the rotational malalignment by clinical evaluation. The average rotational change was 30° in the femurs and 9.5° in the tibias. Further, the average follow-up was 18 months, with no recurrence of the rotational deformity. There was no change in longitudinal growth in the patients who underwent bilateral treatment. Rotational guided growth with flexible tether devices is a novel technique that successfully corrects torsional malalignment without invasive osteotomy surgery.

Keywords

• guided growth
• femoral anteversion
• tibial torsion
• rotational malalignment
• miserable malalignment
• growth modulation