Self-healing concrete: Fabrication, advancement, and effectiveness for long-term integrity of concrete infrastructures

Abstract

In this study, several aspects of autogenous and autonomous healing concrete are discussed, including their characterization, processes, and performances. Mineral admixtures, fibers, and autonomous methods like shape memory alloys, capsules, and microbial technologies have been found effective in repairing cracks. Based on this review, autonomous approaches heal cracks better than autogenous methods also geometry and size of cracks have an important role in selecting self-healing techniques and agents. The effectiveness of biomimetic materials such as shape memory alloys, capsules, and bacteria-based self-healing concrete is also being carefully considered. Lastly, future research scope and present gaps are recognized and discussed.

Keywords

• Self-healing
• Healing agent
• Autogenous
• Autonomous
• Micro-crack
• Durability