Determination of Multiclass Antibiotics in Fish Muscle Using a QuEChERS-UHPLC-MS/MS Method
Yousra Aissaoui,
Gabriel Jiménez-Skrzypek,
Javier González-Sálamo,
Malika Trabelsi-Ayadi,
Ibtissem Ghorbel-Abid,
Javier Hernández-Borges
Affiliations
Yousra Aissaoui
Useful Materials Laboratory (LMU), National Institute for Physical and Chemical Research and Analysis (INRAP), Ariana 2020, Tunisia
Gabriel Jiménez-Skrzypek
Departamento de Química, Unidad Departamental de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, s/n, 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
Javier González-Sálamo
Departamento de Química, Unidad Departamental de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, s/n, 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
Malika Trabelsi-Ayadi
Laboratory of Application Chemistry to the Resources and Natural Substances and the Environment (LACReSNE), Faculty of Science of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Zarzouna, Bizerte 7021, Tunisia
Ibtissem Ghorbel-Abid
Useful Materials Laboratory (LMU), National Institute for Physical and Chemical Research and Analysis (INRAP), Ariana 2020, Tunisia
Javier Hernández-Borges
Departamento de Química, Unidad Departamental de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, s/n, 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
The surging global demand for fish has increased aquaculture practices, where antibiotics have become indispensable to prevent diseases. However, the passive incorporation of these compounds into the diet may have adverse effects on human health. In this work, the QuEChERS method combined with ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was applied for the determination of 10 multiclass antibiotics (5 quinolones, 2 sulfonamides, 2 diaminopyrimidines, and 1 macrolide) in muscle tissue of farmed fish (European sea bass and gilt-head sea bream). The applied method demonstrated acceptable recovery values, mostly between 70 and 120%, with limits of quantification of the method meeting the established EU maximum residue limits. The analysis of twenty fish samples in duplicate revealed that most antibiotics were not present, with the only exception of oxolinic acid and tilmicosin in European sea bass, which were below the limit of quantification of the method.
