npj Parkinson's Disease (Nov 2022)
APOE E4 is associated with impaired self-declared cognition but not disease risk or age of onset in Nigerians with Parkinson’s disease
- Njideka U. Okubadejo,
- Olaitan Okunoye,
- Oluwadamilola O. Ojo,
- Babawale Arabambi,
- Rufus O. Akinyemi,
- Godwin O. Osaigbovo,
- Sani A. Abubakar,
- Emmanuel U. Iwuozo,
- Kolawole W. Wahab,
- Osigwe P. Agabi,
- Uchechi Agulanna,
- Frank A. Imarhiagbe,
- Oladunni V. Abiodun,
- Charles O. Achoru,
- Akintunde A. Adebowale,
- Olaleye Adeniji,
- John E. Akpekpe,
- Mohammed W. Ali,
- Ifeyinwa Ani-Osheku,
- Ohwotemu Arigbodi,
- Salisu A. Balarabe,
- Abiodun H. Bello,
- Oluchi S. Ekenze,
- Cyril O. Erameh,
- Temitope H. Farombi,
- Michael B. Fawale,
- Morenikeji A. Komolafe,
- Paul O. Nwani,
- Ernest O. Nwazor,
- Yakub Nyandaiti,
- Emmanuel E. Obehighe,
- Yahaya O. Obiabo,
- Olanike A. Odeniyi,
- Francis E. Odiase,
- Francis I. Ojini,
- Gerald A. Onwuegbuzie,
- Nosakhare Osemwegie,
- Olajumoke O. Oshinaike,
- Folajimi M. Otubogun,
- Shyngle I. Oyakhire,
- Funlola T. Taiwo,
- Uduak E. Williams,
- Simon Ozomma,
- Yusuf Zubair,
- Dena Hernandez,
- Sara Bandres-Ciga,
- Cornelis Blauwendraat,
- Andrew Singleton,
- Henry Houlden,
- John Hardy,
- Mie Rizig
Affiliations
- Njideka U. Okubadejo
- Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos
- Olaitan Okunoye
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, University College London Institute of Neurology
- Oluwadamilola O. Ojo
- Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos
- Babawale Arabambi
- School of Population and Public Health, The University of British Columbia
- Rufus O. Akinyemi
- Institute for Advanced Medical Research and Training, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan
- Godwin O. Osaigbovo
- Jos University Teaching Hospital
- Sani A. Abubakar
- Department of Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital
- Emmanuel U. Iwuozo
- Neurology Unit, Benue State University & Benue State University Teaching Hospital
- Kolawole W. Wahab
- Department of Medicine, University of Ilorin & University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital
- Osigwe P. Agabi
- Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos
- Uchechi Agulanna
- Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, Lagos University Teaching Hospital
- Frank A. Imarhiagbe
- University of Benin & University of Benin Teaching Hospital
- Oladunni V. Abiodun
- General Hospital
- Charles O. Achoru
- Jos University Teaching Hospital
- Akintunde A. Adebowale
- Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, Obafemi Awolowo University & Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex
- Olaleye Adeniji
- Federal Medical Center
- John E. Akpekpe
- Federal Medical Center
- Mohammed W. Ali
- Federal Teaching Hospital
- Ifeyinwa Ani-Osheku
- Asokoro District Hospital, Asokoro
- Ohwotemu Arigbodi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Delta State University Teaching Hospital
- Salisu A. Balarabe
- Department of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University & Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital
- Abiodun H. Bello
- Department of Medicine, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital
- Oluchi S. Ekenze
- Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Nigeria & University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital
- Cyril O. Erameh
- Irrua Specialist Hospital
- Temitope H. Farombi
- Chief Tony Anenih Geriatrics Center, University College Hospital
- Michael B. Fawale
- Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, Obafemi Awolowo University & Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex
- Morenikeji A. Komolafe
- Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, Obafemi Awolowo University & Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex
- Paul O. Nwani
- Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital
- Ernest O. Nwazor
- Department of Medicine, Madonna University College of Medical Sciences, Elele, Rivers State & Federal Medical Center
- Yakub Nyandaiti
- University of Maiduguri & University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital
- Emmanuel E. Obehighe
- Federal Medical Center
- Yahaya O. Obiabo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Delta State University & Delta State University Teaching Hospital
- Olanike A. Odeniyi
- General Hospital, Lagos Island
- Francis E. Odiase
- University of Benin & University of Benin Teaching Hospital
- Francis I. Ojini
- Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos
- Gerald A. Onwuegbuzie
- University of Abuja & University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada
- Nosakhare Osemwegie
- University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital
- Olajumoke O. Oshinaike
- Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, Lagos State University College of Medicine
- Folajimi M. Otubogun
- Federal Medical Center
- Shyngle I. Oyakhire
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Hospital
- Funlola T. Taiwo
- Department of Medicine, University College Hospital
- Uduak E. Williams
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Calabar/University of Calabar Teaching Hospital
- Simon Ozomma
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Calabar/University of Calabar Teaching Hospital
- Yusuf Zubair
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Hospital
- Dena Hernandez
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health
- Sara Bandres-Ciga
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health
- Cornelis Blauwendraat
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health
- Andrew Singleton
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health
- Henry Houlden
- Department of Neuromuscular Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology and The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery
- John Hardy
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, University College London Institute of Neurology
- Mie Rizig
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, University College London Institute of Neurology
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41531-022-00411-x
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 8,
no. 1
pp. 1 – 6
Abstract
Abstract The relationship between APOE polymorphisms and Parkinson’s disease (PD) in black Africans has not been previously investigated. We evaluated the association between APOE polymorphic variability and self-declared cognition in 1100 Nigerians with PD and 1097 age-matched healthy controls. Cognition in PD was assessed using the single item cognition question (item 1.1) of the MDS-UPDRS. APOE genotype and allele frequencies did not differ between PD and controls (p > 0.05). No allelic or genotypic association was observed between APOE and age at onset of PD. In PD, APOE ε4/ε4 conferred a two-fold risk of cognitive impairment compared to one or no ε4 (HR: 2.09 (95% CI: 1.13–3.89; p = 0.02)), while APOE ε2 was associated with modest protection against cognitive impairment (HR: 0.41 (95% CI 0.19–0.99, p = 0.02)). Of 773 PD with motor phenotype and APOE characterized, tremor-dominant (TD) phenotype predominated significantly in ε2 carriers (87/135, 64.4%) compared to 22.2% in persons with postural instability/gait difficulty (PIGD) (30/135) and 13.3% in indeterminate (ID) (18/135, 13.3%) (p = 0.037). Although the frequency of the TD phenotype was highest in homozygous ε2 carriers (85.7%), the distribution of motor phenotypes across the six genotypes did not differ significantly (p = 0.18). Altogether, our findings support previous studies in other ethnicities, implying a role for APOE ε4 and ε2 as risk and protective factors, respectively, for cognitive impairment in PD.
