GAMBARAN PERILAKU YANG BERPERAN TERHADAP KONDISI OBESITAS PADA PEREMPUAN DEWASA MUDA DI JAKARTA

Abstract

Abstract – This study seeks to understand the behavior that leads to obesity among young adult women in Jakarta, guided by Theory of Reasoned Action (Ajzen & Fishbein, 1975) and Self-Efficacy Theory (Bandura, 1986) as the framework. This study employed qualitative methodology, participated by three female participants (27-31 years old) and resided in Jakarta area. The results show that although participants were from various background; all of them have similarities in many behavioral aspects that leads to them being obesed. In particular, participants developed an attitude that eating was their coping mechanisms during stress. Related to the subjective norms aspect, participants perceived support from their close relatives but was not demonstrated through the real action. Negative mood and the lack of knowledge about healthy behavior affected their self-efficacy. Biological and environment factors play a pivotal role in shaping obesity. Practically termed, this study outlined a need for tailoring an intervention program that focuses on the attitude, subjective norm, and self-efficacy in reshaping behavior of people, particularly women, with obesity. Abstrak — Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran perilaku yang berperan terhadap obesitas pada perempuan dewasa muda, menurut Theory of Reasoned Action (Ajzen & Fishbein, 1975) dan teori Self-Efficacy (Bandura, 1986). Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif terhadap tiga perempuan dewasa muda (27-31 tahun) yang berdomisili di Jakarta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun tiap partisipan memiliki latar belakang berbeda yang membentuk kondisi obesitas, terdapat kesamaan dalam aspek-aspek yang mendasari perilaku. Pada aspek attitude, partisipan menganggap makan sebagai cara menghadapi kondisi stres. Pada aspek subjective norms, partisipan merasakan dukungan dari orang terdekat, namun tidak ditunjukkan melalui tindakan nyata. Faktor mood yang negatif dan pengetahuan minimal akan perilaku sehat pada setiap partisipan juga memengaruhi keyakinan diri (self-efficacy) dalam berperilaku. Faktor biologis dan lingkungan cukup berperan terhadap pembentukan kondisi obesitas. Hasil studi ini merekomendasikan rancangan intervensi yang berfokus pada attitude, subjective norms, dan self-efficacy dari perilaku yang berperan terhadap kondisi obesitas.

Keywords

• behavior
• obesity
• self-efficacy
• theory of reasoned action
• keyakinan diri, obesitas, perilaku, theory of reasoned action