Changes in new strains of the novel coronavirus interact with the environment

Abstract

The coronavirus (COVID-19) has several mutations since its initial outbreak. These mutations involve changes in its genetic material, particularly in the spike protein that enables the virus to enter human. These mutations have resulted in different variants of the virus, such as the Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta variants, which have been identified in different regions. These allosomes already led to increased transmissibility, potentially higher viral loads, and in some cases, to certain treatments or vaccines. In this article, the relationship between the evolution of the novel coronavirus and its spread in the population environment in recent years is analysed in detail,with following parts. Firstly,the immune escape which deeply influenced the mutation in virus is discussed. The immune system can recognize the virus and avoid it from entering the body.As a result ,one of the reasons the novel coronavirus evolved was to evade the immune response.Secondly,the mutation is discussed in terms of viral structure. And in the last subtopic,the connection between coronaviruses and their host is described.The phenomenon which is called cross -transmission greatly increased the spread out of virus,by viruses moving from host to host.Through sorting out the existing knowledge and research, this paper clearly analyzes the causes and influencing factors of virus evolution from a multi-dimensional perspective.