Correlation of periodontitis with mandibular radiomorphometric indices, serum calcium and serum estradiol in postmenopausal women: A case–control study

Abstract

Background: Osteoporosis and periodontitis have several risk factors in common. The majority of studies evaluating periodontal bone loss and systemic bone mineral density have found that low bone mineral density systemically is significantly associated with an increase in loss of alveolar bone height and periodontal destruction. Hence, the purpose of the study was to determine the effect of periodontitis on mandibular radiomorphometric indices, serum calcium and serum estradiol levels in postmenopausal women. Materials and Methods: Forty female patients in the age group of 35–55 years were included in the study. The participants were divided into two equal groups, i.e., control group A (twenty - postmenopausal women with healthy periodontium) and study group B (twenty - postmenopausal women with periodontitis). A thorough clinical examination of all the forty patients was carried out to detect the presence of periodontitis on the basis of clinical attachment level. Quantitative indices were measured on digital panoramic radiographs, and serum calcium and estradiol levels were estimated. Results: No statistically significant correlation of periodontitis with any of the radiomorphometric indices, serum calcium and serum estradiol levels was observed in postmenopausal women. Conclusion: There is little evidence of correlation of serum estradiol, serum calcium levels, and morphometric indices with periodontitis and therefore detailed further research about this correlation is required.

Keywords

• Osteoporosis
• periodontitis
• postmenopause
• radio morphometric indices
• serum calcium
• serum estradiol