Vaccines (Oct 2023)
SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine Response in People Living with HIV According to CD4 Count and CD4/CD8 Ratio
- Alessandra Vergori,
- Alessandro Tavelli,
- Giulia Matusali,
- Anna Maria Azzini,
- Matteo Augello,
- Valentina Mazzotta,
- Giovanni Francesco Pellicanò,
- Andrea Costantini,
- Antonio Cascio,
- Andrea De Vito,
- Lorenzo Marconi,
- Elda Righi,
- Assunta Sartor,
- Carmela Pinnetti,
- Fabrizio Maggi,
- Francesca Bai,
- Simone Lanini,
- Stefania Piconi,
- Gabriel Levy Hara,
- Giulia Marchetti,
- Maddalena Giannella,
- Evelina Tacconelli,
- Antonella d’Arminio Monforte,
- Andrea Antinori,
- Alessandro Cozzi-Lepri,
- on behalf of the Vax-ICONA-ORCHESTRA Study
Affiliations
- Alessandra Vergori
- HIV/AIDS Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
- Alessandro Tavelli
- Icona Foundation, 20142 Milan, Italy
- Giulia Matusali
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
- Anna Maria Azzini
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
- Matteo Augello
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, Italy
- Valentina Mazzotta
- HIV/AIDS Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
- Giovanni Francesco Pellicanò
- Department of Human Pathology of the Adult and the Developmental Age “G. Barresi”, University of Messina, 98121 Messina, Italy
- Andrea Costantini
- Clinical Immunology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche, Marche Polytechnic University, 60126 Ancona, Italy
- Antonio Cascio
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
- Andrea De Vito
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- Lorenzo Marconi
- Infectious Diseases Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Bologna, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Elda Righi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
- Assunta Sartor
- Microbiology Unit, Udine University Hospital, 33100 Udine, Italy
- Carmela Pinnetti
- HIV/AIDS Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
- Fabrizio Maggi
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
- Francesca Bai
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, Italy
- Simone Lanini
- HIV/AIDS Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
- Stefania Piconi
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Alessandro Manzoni Hospital, ASST Lecco, 23900 Lecco, Italy
- Gabriel Levy Hara
- Instituto Alberto Taquini de Investigación en Medicina Traslacional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1122AAJ, Argentina
- Giulia Marchetti
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, Italy
- Maddalena Giannella
- Infectious Diseases Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Bologna, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Evelina Tacconelli
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
- Antonella d’Arminio Monforte
- Icona Foundation, 20142 Milan, Italy
- Andrea Antinori
- HIV/AIDS Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
- Alessandro Cozzi-Lepri
- Centre for Clinical Research, Epidemiology, Modelling and Evaluation (CREME), Institute for Global Health, UCL, London NW3 2PF, UK
- on behalf of the Vax-ICONA-ORCHESTRA Study
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11111664
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 11,
no. 11
p. 1664
Abstract
Background: Our aim was to estimate the rates of not achieving a robust/above-average humoral response to the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine in people living with HIV (PLWH) who received ≥2 doses and to investigate the role of the CD4 and CD4/CD8 ratio in predicting the humoral response. Methods: We evaluated the humoral anti-SARS-CoV-2 response 1-month after the second and third doses of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine as a proportion of not achieving a robust/above-average response using two criteria: (i) a humoral threshold identified as a correlate of protection against SARS-CoV-2 ( 200 cells/mm3 and a ratio > 0.6. Conclusions: A robust humoral response after a booster dose has not been reached by 50% of PLWH with CD4 3. In the absence of a validated correlate of protections in the Omicron era, the CD4 count remains the most solid marker to guide vaccination campaigns in PLWH.
Keywords
