GC-MS and PCA Analysis of Fatty Acid Profile in Various <i>Ilex</i> Species
Anna Zwyrzykowska-Wodzińska,
Bogdan Jarosz,
Piotr Okińczyc,
Jakub Szperlik,
Przemysław Bąbelewski,
Zdeněk Zadák,
Anna Jankowska-Mąkosa,
Damian Knecht
Affiliations
Anna Zwyrzykowska-Wodzińska
Institute of Animal Breeding, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 38c, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
Bogdan Jarosz
Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
Piotr Okińczyc
Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicines, Wrocław Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
Jakub Szperlik
Laboratory of Tissue Culture, Botanical Garden, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Wrocław, 50-234 Wrocław, Poland
Przemysław Bąbelewski
Department of Horticulture, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, pl. Grunwaldzki 24A, 50-363 Wrocław, Poland
Zdeněk Zadák
Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Charles University, Sokolska Str. 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
Anna Jankowska-Mąkosa
Institute of Animal Breeding, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 38c, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
Damian Knecht
Institute of Animal Breeding, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 38c, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
Natural compounds are important source of desired biological activity which helps to improve nutritional status and brings many health benefits. Ilex paraguariensis St. Hill. which belongs to the family Aquifoliaceae is a plant rich in bioactive substances (polyphenols, saponins, alkaloids) with therapeutic potential including hepatic and digestive disorders, arthritis, rheumatism, and other inflammatory diseases, obesity, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia. In terms of phytochemical research I. paraguariensis has been the subject of most intensive investigations among Ilex species. Therefore, we concentrated on other available Ilex varieties and focused on the content of fatty acids of these shrubs. The fatty acid compounds present in Ilex sp. samples were analyzed by GC-MS. 27 different fatty acids were identified in the extracts. The results showed that many constituents with significant commercial or medicinal importance were present in high concentrations. The primary component in all samples was α linolenic acid(18:3 Δ9,12,15). Differences of this component concentration were observed between cultivars and extensively analyzed by PCA, one- way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA. Significant correlations between compound concentrations were reported.
