Developing a Group Model Building Causal Loop Diagram to Understand Millennial Generation Trust in Twitter as Early Warning System for Natural Disaster

Abstract

Nowadays, Twitter is used as an Early Warning System (EWS) for disasters because of the speed and many users. Based on Asosiasi Penyedia Jasa Internet Indonesia (APJII) data, in 2017, almost 50% of internet users in Indonesia are born in 1983-1998. They are called the millennial generation. Therefore, this study aims to explore the trust of millennials towards Twitter as an EWS. This study utilizes the conceptual model from System Dynamics named Causal Loop Diagram (CLD) to identify the factors and the causal relationship among millennials' factors to trust Twitter as an EWS. It involves ten participants from the millennial generation, consisting of five passive Twitter users and five active Twitter users. A semi-structured interview was conducted with all participants to build the initial CLD gathered from each participant's perspective. Afterward, the initial CLD was verified by all participants through Focus Group Discussion. A group model building CLD that represents the influencing factors and their causal relationship of millennial generation trust in Twitter as EWS for a natural disaster is successfully developed from this study. The tweet frequency, the number of followers, the account credibility, the verified account, the level of trust in social media, and the content quality are considered the underlying factors of active and passive users to trust in Twitter as an EWS natural disaster.

Keywords

• early warning system
• twitter
• millennial
• system dynamics
• causal loop diagram
• group model building