The Astrophysical Journal (Jan 2024)
Comparing Recent Pulsar Timing Array Results on the Nanohertz Stochastic Gravitational-wave Background
- G. Agazie,
- J. Antoniadis,
- A. Anumarlapudi,
- A. M. Archibald,
- P. Arumugam,
- S. Arumugam,
- Z. Arzoumanian,
- J. Askew,
- S. Babak,
- M. Bagchi,
- M. Bailes,
- A.-S. Bak Nielsen,
- P. T. Baker,
- C. G. Bassa,
- A. Bathula,
- B. Bécsy,
- A. Berthereau,
- N. D. R. Bhat,
- L. Blecha,
- M. Bonetti,
- E. Bortolas,
- A. Brazier,
- P. R. Brook,
- M. Burgay,
- S. Burke-Spolaor,
- R. Burnette,
- R. N. Caballero,
- A. Cameron,
- R. Case,
- A. Chalumeau,
- D. J. Champion,
- S. Chanlaridis,
- M. Charisi,
- S. Chatterjee,
- K. Chatziioannou,
- B. D. Cheeseboro,
- S. Chen,
- Z.-C. Chen,
- I. Cognard,
- T. Cohen,
- W. A. Coles,
- J. M. Cordes,
- N. J. Cornish,
- F. Crawford,
- H. T. Cromartie,
- K. Crowter,
- M. Curyło,
- C. J. Cutler,
- S. Dai,
- S. Dandapat,
- D. Deb,
- M. E. DeCesar,
- D. DeGan,
- P. B. Demorest,
- H. Deng,
- S. Desai,
- G. Desvignes,
- L. Dey,
- N. Dhanda-Batra,
- V. Di Marco,
- T. Dolch,
- B. Drachler,
- C. Dwivedi,
- J. A. Ellis,
- M. Falxa,
- Y. Feng,
- R. D. Ferdman,
- E. C. Ferrara,
- W. Fiore,
- E. Fonseca,
- A. Franchini,
- G. E. Freedman,
- J. R. Gair,
- N. Garver-Daniels,
- P. A. Gentile,
- K. A. Gersbach,
- J. Glaser,
- D. C. Good,
- B. Goncharov,
- A. Gopakumar,
- E. Graikou,
- J.-M. Griessmeier,
- L. Guillemot,
- K. Gültekin,
- Y. J. Guo,
- Y. Gupta,
- K. Grunthal,
- J. S. Hazboun,
- S. Hisano,
- G. B. Hobbs,
- S. Hourihane,
- H. Hu,
- F. Iraci,
- K. Islo,
- D. Izquierdo-Villalba,
- J. Jang,
- J. Jawor,
- G. H. Janssen,
- R. J. Jennings,
- A. Jessner,
- A. D. Johnson,
- M. L. Jones,
- B. C. Joshi,
- A. R. Kaiser,
- D. L. Kaplan,
- A. Kapur,
- F. Kareem,
- R. Karuppusamy,
- E. F. Keane,
- M. J. Keith,
- L. Z. Kelley,
- M. Kerr,
- J. S. Key,
- D. Kharbanda,
- T. Kikunaga,
- T. C. Klein,
- N. Kolhe,
- M. Kramer,
- M. A. Krishnakumar,
- A. Kulkarni,
- N. Laal,
- K. Lackeos,
- M. T. Lam,
- W. G. Lamb,
- B. B. Larsen,
- T. J. W. Lazio,
- K. J. Lee,
- Y. Levin,
- N. Lewandowska,
- T. B. Littenberg,
- K. Liu,
- T. Liu,
- Y. Liu,
- A. Lommen,
- D. R. Lorimer,
- M. E. Lower,
- J. Luo,
- R. Luo,
- R. S. Lynch,
- A. G. Lyne,
- C.-P. Ma,
- Y. Maan,
- D. R. Madison,
- R. A. Main,
- R. N. Manchester,
- R. Mandow,
- M. A. Mattson,
- A. McEwen,
- J. W. McKee,
- M. A. McLaughlin,
- N. McMann,
- B. W. Meyers,
- P. M. Meyers,
- M. B. Mickaliger,
- M. Miles,
- C. M. F. Mingarelli,
- A. Mitridate,
- P. Natarajan,
- R. S. Nathan,
- C. Ng,
- D. J. Nice,
- I. C. Niţu,
- K. Nobleson,
- S. K. Ocker,
- K. D. Olum,
- S. Osłowski,
- A. K. Paladi,
- A. Parthasarathy,
- T. T. Pennucci,
- B. B. P. Perera,
- D. Perrodin,
- A. Petiteau,
- P. Petrov,
- N. S. Pol,
- N. K. Porayko,
- A. Possenti,
- T. Prabu,
- H. Quelquejay Leclere,
- H. A. Radovan,
- P. Rana,
- S. M. Ransom,
- P. S. Ray,
- D. J. Reardon,
- A. F. Rogers,
- J. D. Romano,
- C. J. Russell,
- A. Samajdar,
- S. A. Sanidas,
- S. C. Sardesai,
- A. Schmiedekamp,
- C. Schmiedekamp,
- K. Schmitz,
- L. Schult,
- A. Sesana,
- G. Shaifullah,
- R. M. Shannon,
- B. J. Shapiro-Albert,
- X. Siemens,
- J. Simon,
- J. Singha,
- M. S. Siwek,
- L. Speri,
- R. Spiewak,
- A. Srivastava,
- I. H. Stairs,
- B. W. Stappers,
- D. R. Stinebring,
- K. Stovall,
- J. P. Sun,
- M. Surnis,
- S. C. Susarla,
- A. Susobhanan,
- J. K. Swiggum,
- K. Takahashi,
- P. Tarafdar,
- J. Taylor,
- S. R. Taylor,
- G. Theureau,
- E. Thrane,
- N. Thyagarajan,
- C. Tiburzi,
- L. Toomey,
- J. E. Turner,
- C. Unal,
- M. Vallisneri,
- E. van der Wateren,
- R. van Haasteren,
- A. Vecchio,
- V. Venkatraman Krishnan,
- J. P. W. Verbiest,
- S. J. Vigeland,
- H. M. Wahl,
- S. Wang,
- Q. Wang,
- C. A. Witt,
- J. Wang,
- L. Wang,
- K. E. Wayt,
- Z. Wu,
- O. Young,
- L. Zhang,
- S. Zhang,
- X.-J. Zhu,
- A. Zic,
- The International Pulsar Timing Array Collaboration
Affiliations
- G. Agazie
- ORCiD
- Center for Gravitation, Cosmology and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin –Milwaukee, P.O. Box 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA
- J. Antoniadis
- ORCiD
- Institute of Astrophysics , FORTH, N. Plastira 100, 70013, Heraklion, Greece; Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany
- A. Anumarlapudi
- ORCiD
- Center for Gravitation, Cosmology and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin –Milwaukee, P.O. Box 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA
- A. M. Archibald
- ORCiD
- Newcastle University , NE1 7RU, UK
- P. Arumugam
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee , Roorkee-247667, India
- S. Arumugam
- ORCiD
- Department of Electrical Engineering , IIT Hyderabad, Kandi, Telangana 502284, India
- Z. Arzoumanian
- X-Ray Astrophysics Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , Code 662, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- J. Askew
- Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing, Swinburne University of Technology , P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia; Australia Research Council Centre for Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery (OzGrav) , Australia
- S. Babak
- ORCiD
- Université Paris Cité , CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, 75013 Paris, France
- M. Bagchi
- ORCiD
- The Institute of Mathematical Sciences , C.I.T. Campus, Taramani, Chennai 600113, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute , Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, India
- M. Bailes
- ORCiD
- Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing, Swinburne University of Technology , P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia; Australia Research Council Centre for Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery (OzGrav) , Australia
- A.-S. Bak Nielsen
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany; Fakultät für Physik, Universität Bielefeld , Postfach 100131, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany
- P. T. Baker
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Widener University , One University Place, Chester, PA 19013, USA ; [email protected]
- C. G. Bassa
- ORCiD
- ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy , Oude Hoogeveensedijk 4, 7991 PD, Dwingeloo, The Netherlands
- A. Bathula
- ORCiD
- Department of Physical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research , Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
- B. Bécsy
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Oregon State University , Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- A. Berthereau
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l’Environnement et de l’Espace, Université d’Orléans/CNRS , 45071 Orléans Cedex 02, France; Observatoire Radioastronomique de Nançay, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL , Université d’Orléans, CNRS, 18330 Nançay, France
- N. D. R. Bhat
- ORCiD
- International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, Curtin University , Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
- L. Blecha
- ORCiD
- Physics Department, University of Florida , Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- M. Bonetti
- ORCiD
- Dipartimento di Fisica “G. Occhialini,” Universitá degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca , Piazza della Scienza 3, I-20126 Milano, Italy ; [email protected]; INFN, Sezione di Milano-Bicocca , Piazza della Scienza 3, I-20126 Milano, Italy; INAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera , via Brera 20, I-20121 Milano, Italy
- E. Bortolas
- ORCiD
- Dipartimento di Fisica “G. Occhialini,” Universitá degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca , Piazza della Scienza 3, I-20126 Milano, Italy ; [email protected]; INFN, Sezione di Milano-Bicocca , Piazza della Scienza 3, I-20126 Milano, Italy; INAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera , via Brera 20, I-20121 Milano, Italy
- A. Brazier
- ORCiD
- Cornell Center for Astrophysics and Planetary Science and Department of Astronomy, Cornell University , Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Cornell Center for Advanced Computing, Cornell University , Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- P. R. Brook
- ORCiD
- Institute for Gravitational Wave Astronomy and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham , Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- M. Burgay
- ORCiD
- INAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari , via della Scienza 5, 09047 Selargius (CA), Italy
- S. Burke-Spolaor
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University , P.O. Box 6315, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; Center for Gravitational Waves and Cosmology, West Virginia University , Chestnut Ridge Research Building, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
- R. Burnette
- Department of Physics, Oregon State University , Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- R. N. Caballero
- ORCiD
- Hellenic Open University , School of Science and Technology, 26335 Patras, Greece
- A. Cameron
- ORCiD
- Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing, Swinburne University of Technology , P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia; Australia Research Council Centre for Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery (OzGrav) , Australia
- R. Case
- Department of Physics, Oregon State University , Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- A. Chalumeau
- ORCiD
- Dipartimento di Fisica “G. Occhialini,” Universitá degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca , Piazza della Scienza 3, I-20126 Milano, Italy ; [email protected]; INFN, Sezione di Milano-Bicocca , Piazza della Scienza 3, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- D. J. Champion
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany
- S. Chanlaridis
- ORCiD
- Institute of Astrophysics , FORTH, N. Plastira 100, 70013, Heraklion, Greece
- M. Charisi
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University , 2301 Vanderbilt Place, Nashville, TN 37235, USA ; [email protected]
- S. Chatterjee
- ORCiD
- Cornell Center for Astrophysics and Planetary Science and Department of Astronomy, Cornell University , Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- K. Chatziioannou
- Division of Physics, Mathematics, and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- B. D. Cheeseboro
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University , P.O. Box 6315, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; Center for Gravitational Waves and Cosmology, West Virginia University , Chestnut Ridge Research Building, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
- S. Chen
- ORCiD
- Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Peking University , Beijing 100871 People's Republic of China
- Z.-C. Chen
- ORCiD
- Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University , Zhuhai 519087, People's Republic of China; Department of Physics and Synergistic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications, Hunan Normal University , Changsha, Hunan 410081, People's Republic of China
- I. Cognard
- ORCiD
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l’Environnement et de l’Espace, Université d’Orléans/CNRS , 45071 Orléans Cedex 02, France; Observatoire Radioastronomique de Nançay, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL , Université d’Orléans, CNRS, 18330 Nançay, France
- T. Cohen
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology , 801 Leroy Place, Socorro, NM 87801, USA
- W. A. Coles
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California at San Diego , La Jolla, CA, USA
- J. M. Cordes
- ORCiD
- Cornell Center for Astrophysics and Planetary Science and Department of Astronomy, Cornell University , Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- N. J. Cornish
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Montana State University , Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
- F. Crawford
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Franklin & Marshall College , P.O. Box 3003, Lancaster, PA 17604, USA
- H. T. Cromartie
- ORCiD
- Cornell Center for Astrophysics and Planetary Science and Department of Astronomy, Cornell University , Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- K. Crowter
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia , 6224 Agricultural Road, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
- M. Curyło
- ORCiD
- Astronomical Observatory, University of Warsaw , Aleje Ujazdowskie 4, 00-478 Warsaw, Poland
- C. J. Cutler
- ORCiD
- Division of Physics, Mathematics, and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology , 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
- S. Dai
- School of Science, Western Sydney University , Locked Bag 1797, Penrith South DC, NSW 2751, Australia
- S. Dandapat
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research , Homi Bhabha Road, Navy Nagar, Colaba, Mumbai 400005, India
- D. Deb
- ORCiD
- The Institute of Mathematical Sciences , C.I.T. Campus, Taramani, Chennai 600113, India
- M. E. DeCesar
- ORCiD
- George Mason University , resident at the Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA
- D. DeGan
- Department of Physics, Oregon State University , Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- P. B. Demorest
- ORCiD
- National Radio Astronomy Observatory , 1003 Lopezville Road, Socorro, NM 87801, USA
- H. Deng
- Department of Physics, Oregon State University , Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- S. Desai
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics , IIT Hyderabad, Kandi, Telangana 502284, India
- G. Desvignes
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany
- L. Dey
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University , P.O. Box 6315, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; Center for Gravitational Waves and Cosmology, West Virginia University , Chestnut Ridge Research Building, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
- N. Dhanda-Batra
- Department of Physics and Astrophysics, University of Delhi , Delhi 110007, India
- V. Di Marco
- ORCiD
- Australia Research Council Centre for Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery (OzGrav) , Australia; School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University , VIC 3800, Australia
- T. Dolch
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Hillsdale College , 33 E. College Street, Hillsdale, MI 49242, USA; Eureka Scientific , 2452 Delmer Street, Suite 100, Oakland, CA 94602-3017, USA
- B. Drachler
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology , Rochester, NY 14623, USA; Laboratory for Multiwavelength Astrophysics, Rochester Institute of Technology , Rochester, NY 14623, USA
- C. Dwivedi
- ORCiD
- Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology , Valiamala, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695547, India
- J. A. Ellis
- Bionic Health , 800 Park Offices Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
- M. Falxa
- Université Paris Cité , CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, 75013 Paris, France; Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l’Environnement et de l’Espace, Université d’Orléans/CNRS , 45071 Orléans Cedex 02, France
- Y. Feng
- Research Center for Intelligent Computing Platforms , Zhejiang Laboratory, Hangzhou 311100, People's Republic of China
- R. D. Ferdman
- School of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of East Anglia , Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
- E. C. Ferrara
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland , College Park, MD 20742, USA; Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology , NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- W. Fiore
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University , P.O. Box 6315, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; Center for Gravitational Waves and Cosmology, West Virginia University , Chestnut Ridge Research Building, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
- E. Fonseca
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University , P.O. Box 6315, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; Center for Gravitational Waves and Cosmology, West Virginia University , Chestnut Ridge Research Building, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
- A. Franchini
- ORCiD
- Dipartimento di Fisica “G. Occhialini,” Universitá degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca , Piazza della Scienza 3, I-20126 Milano, Italy ; [email protected]; INFN, Sezione di Milano-Bicocca , Piazza della Scienza 3, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- G. E. Freedman
- ORCiD
- Center for Gravitation, Cosmology and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin –Milwaukee, P.O. Box 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA
- J. R. Gair
- ORCiD
- Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute) , Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- N. Garver-Daniels
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University , P.O. Box 6315, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; Center for Gravitational Waves and Cosmology, West Virginia University , Chestnut Ridge Research Building, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
- P. A. Gentile
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University , P.O. Box 6315, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; Center for Gravitational Waves and Cosmology, West Virginia University , Chestnut Ridge Research Building, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
- K. A. Gersbach
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University , 2301 Vanderbilt Place, Nashville, TN 37235, USA ; [email protected]
- J. Glaser
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University , P.O. Box 6315, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; Center for Gravitational Waves and Cosmology, West Virginia University , Chestnut Ridge Research Building, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
- D. C. Good
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Montana , 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
- B. Goncharov
- ORCiD
- Gran Sasso Science Institute (GSSI) , I-67100 L’Aquila, Italy; INFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso , I-67100 Assergi, Italy
- A. Gopakumar
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research , Homi Bhabha Road, Navy Nagar, Colaba, Mumbai 400005, India
- E. Graikou
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany
- J.-M. Griessmeier
- ORCiD
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l’Environnement et de l’Espace, Université d’Orléans/CNRS , 45071 Orléans Cedex 02, France; Observatoire Radioastronomique de Nançay, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL , Université d’Orléans, CNRS, 18330 Nançay, France
- L. Guillemot
- ORCiD
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l’Environnement et de l’Espace, Université d’Orléans/CNRS , 45071 Orléans Cedex 02, France; Observatoire Radioastronomique de Nançay, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL , Université d’Orléans, CNRS, 18330 Nançay, France
- K. Gültekin
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Y. J. Guo
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany
- Y. Gupta
- ORCiD
- National Centre for Radio Astrophysics, Pune University Campus , Pune 411007, India
- K. Grunthal
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany
- J. S. Hazboun
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Oregon State University , Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- S. Hisano
- ORCiD
- Kumamoto University , Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan
- G. B. Hobbs
- ORCiD
- Australia Telescope National Facility , CSIRO, Space and Astronomy, P.O. Box 76, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia
- S. Hourihane
- ORCiD
- Division of Physics, Mathematics, and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- H. Hu
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany
- F. Iraci
- INAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari , via della Scienza 5, 09047 Selargius (CA), Italy; Universitá di Cagliari , Dipartimento di Fisica, S.P. Monserrato-Sestu Km 0,700-09042 Monserrato (CA), Italy
- K. Islo
- Center for Gravitation, Cosmology and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin –Milwaukee, P.O. Box 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA
- D. Izquierdo-Villalba
- ORCiD
- Dipartimento di Fisica “G. Occhialini,” Universitá degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca , Piazza della Scienza 3, I-20126 Milano, Italy ; [email protected]; INFN, Sezione di Milano-Bicocca , Piazza della Scienza 3, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- J. Jang
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany
- J. Jawor
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany
- G. H. Janssen
- ORCiD
- ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy , Oude Hoogeveensedijk 4, 7991 PD, Dwingeloo, The Netherlands; Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen , P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- R. J. Jennings
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University , P.O. Box 6315, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; Center for Gravitational Waves and Cosmology, West Virginia University , Chestnut Ridge Research Building, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
- A. Jessner
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany
- A. D. Johnson
- ORCiD
- Center for Gravitation, Cosmology and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin –Milwaukee, P.O. Box 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA; Division of Physics, Mathematics, and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- M. L. Jones
- ORCiD
- Center for Gravitation, Cosmology and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin –Milwaukee, P.O. Box 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA
- B. C. Joshi
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee , Roorkee-247667, India; National Centre for Radio Astrophysics, Pune University Campus , Pune 411007, India
- A. R. Kaiser
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University , P.O. Box 6315, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; Center for Gravitational Waves and Cosmology, West Virginia University , Chestnut Ridge Research Building, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
- D. L. Kaplan
- ORCiD
- Center for Gravitation, Cosmology and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin –Milwaukee, P.O. Box 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA
- A. Kapur
- ORCiD
- Australia Telescope National Facility , CSIRO, Space and Astronomy, P.O. Box 76, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia; Department of Physics and Astronomy and MQ Research Centre in Astronomy, Astrophysics and Astrophotonics, Macquarie University , NSW 2109, Australia
- F. Kareem
- ORCiD
- Department of Physical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata , Mohanpur 741246, India; Center of Excellence in Space Sciences India, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata , 741246, India
- R. Karuppusamy
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany
- E. F. Keane
- ORCiD
- School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin , College Green, Dublin 2, D02 PN40, Ireland
- M. J. Keith
- ORCiD
- Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester , Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- L. Z. Kelley
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, University of California , Berkeley, 501 Campbell Hall #3411, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- M. Kerr
- ORCiD
- Space Science Division, Naval Research Laboratory , Washington, DC 20375-5352, USA
- J. S. Key
- ORCiD
- University of Washington Bothell , 18115 Campus Way NE, Bothell, WA 98011, USA
- D. Kharbanda
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics , IIT Hyderabad, Kandi, Telangana 502284, India
- T. Kikunaga
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- Kumamoto University , Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan
- T. C. Klein
- Center for Gravitation, Cosmology and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin –Milwaukee, P.O. Box 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA
- N. Kolhe
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, St. Xavier's College (Autonomous) , Mumbai 400001, India
- M. Kramer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany; Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester , Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- M. A. Krishnakumar
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany; Fakultät für Physik, Universität Bielefeld , Postfach 100131, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany
- A. Kulkarni
- Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing, Swinburne University of Technology , P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia; Australia Research Council Centre for Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery (OzGrav) , Australia
- N. Laal
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Oregon State University , Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- K. Lackeos
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany
- M. T. Lam
- ORCiD
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology , Rochester, NY 14623, USA; Laboratory for Multiwavelength Astrophysics, Rochester Institute of Technology , Rochester, NY 14623, USA; SETI Institute , 339 N. Bernardo Avenue, Suite 200, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA
- W. G. Lamb
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University , 2301 Vanderbilt Place, Nashville, TN 37235, USA ; [email protected]
- B. B. Larsen
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Yale University , New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- T. J. W. Lazio
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology , 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
- K. J. Lee
- Department of Astronomy, School of Physics, Peking University , Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China; National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China
- Y. Levin
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University , VIC 3800, Australia; Physics Department and Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory, Columbia University , 538 West 120th Street, New York, NY 10027, USA; Center for Computational Astrophysics, Flatiron Institute , 162 5th Avenue, New York, NY 10011, USA
- N. Lewandowska
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, State University of New York at Oswego , Oswego, NY 13126, USA
- T. B. Littenberg
- ORCiD
- NASA Marshall Space Flight Center , Huntsville, AL 35812, USA
- K. Liu
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany; Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 80 Nandan Road, Shanghai 200030, People's Republic of China
- T. Liu
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University , P.O. Box 6315, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; Center for Gravitational Waves and Cosmology, West Virginia University , Chestnut Ridge Research Building, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
- Y. Liu
- ORCiD
- Fakultät für Physik, Universität Bielefeld , Postfach 100131, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany; National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China
- A. Lommen
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Haverford College , Haverford, PA 19041, USA
- D. R. Lorimer
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University , P.O. Box 6315, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; Center for Gravitational Waves and Cosmology, West Virginia University , Chestnut Ridge Research Building, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
- M. E. Lower
- ORCiD
- Australia Telescope National Facility , CSIRO, Space and Astronomy, P.O. Box 76, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia
- J. Luo
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Toronto , 50 Saint George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada
- R. Luo
- Australia Telescope National Facility , CSIRO, Space and Astronomy, P.O. Box 76, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia; Department of Astronomy, School of Physics and Materials Science, Guangzhou University , Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
- R. S. Lynch
- ORCiD
- Green Bank Observatory , P.O. Box 2, Green Bank, WV 24944, USA
- A. G. Lyne
- Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester , Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- C.-P. Ma
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, University of California , Berkeley, 501 Campbell Hall #3411, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Physics, University of California , Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Y. Maan
- National Centre for Radio Astrophysics, Pune University Campus , Pune 411007, India
- D. R. Madison
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of the Pacific , 3601 Pacific Avenue, Stockton, CA 95211, USA
- R. A. Main
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany
- R. N. Manchester
- ORCiD
- Australia Telescope National Facility , CSIRO, Space and Astronomy, P.O. Box 76, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia
- R. Mandow
- ORCiD
- Australia Telescope National Facility , CSIRO, Space and Astronomy, P.O. Box 76, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia; Department of Physics and Astronomy and MQ Research Centre in Astronomy, Astrophysics and Astrophotonics, Macquarie University , NSW 2109, Australia
- M. A. Mattson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University , P.O. Box 6315, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; Center for Gravitational Waves and Cosmology, West Virginia University , Chestnut Ridge Research Building, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
- A. McEwen
- ORCiD
- Center for Gravitation, Cosmology and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin –Milwaukee, P.O. Box 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA
- J. W. McKee
- ORCiD
- E.A. Milne Centre for Astrophysics, University of Hull , Cottingham Road, Kingston-upon-Hull HU6 7RX, UK; Centre of Excellence for Data Science, Artificial Intelligence and Modeling (DAIM), University of Hull , Cottingham Road, Kingston-upon-Hull HU6 7RX, UK
- M. A. McLaughlin
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University , P.O. Box 6315, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; Center for Gravitational Waves and Cosmology, West Virginia University , Chestnut Ridge Research Building, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
- N. McMann
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University , 2301 Vanderbilt Place, Nashville, TN 37235, USA ; [email protected]
- B. W. Meyers
- ORCiD
- International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, Curtin University , Bentley, WA 6102, Australia; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia , 6224 Agricultural Road, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
- P. M. Meyers
- ORCiD
- Division of Physics, Mathematics, and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- M. B. Mickaliger
- ORCiD
- Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester , Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- M. Miles
- ORCiD
- Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing, Swinburne University of Technology , P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia; Australia Research Council Centre for Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery (OzGrav) , Australia
- C. M. F. Mingarelli
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Yale University , New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- A. Mitridate
- ORCiD
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY , Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- P. Natarajan
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, Yale University , 52 Hillhouse Avenue, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Black Hole Initiative, Harvard University , 20 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- R. S. Nathan
- ORCiD
- Australia Research Council Centre for Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery (OzGrav) , Australia; School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University , VIC 3800, Australia
- C. Ng
- ORCiD
- Dunlap Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Toronto , 50 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada
- D. J. Nice
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Lafayette College , Easton, PA 18042, USA
- I. C. Niţu
- ORCiD
- Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester , Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- K. Nobleson
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics , BITS Pilani Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad 500078, Telangana, India; International Research Organization for Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University , 2-39-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
- S. K. Ocker
- ORCiD
- Cornell Center for Astrophysics and Planetary Science and Department of Astronomy, Cornell University , Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- K. D. Olum
- ORCiD
- Institute of Cosmology, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tufts University , Medford, MA 02155, USA
- S. Osłowski
- ORCiD
- Manly Astrophysics , 15/41-42 East Esplanade, Manly, NSW 2095, Australia
- A. K. Paladi
- ORCiD
- Joint Astronomy Programme, Indian Institute of Science , Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560012, India
- A. Parthasarathy
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany
- T. T. Pennucci
- ORCiD
- Institute of Physics and Astronomy, Eötvös Loránd University , Pázmány P.s. 1/A, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
- B. B. P. Perera
- ORCiD
- Arecibo Observatory , HC3 Box 53995, Arecibo, PR 00612, USA
- D. Perrodin
- ORCiD
- INAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari , via della Scienza 5, 09047 Selargius (CA), Italy
- A. Petiteau
- ORCiD
- Université Paris Cité , CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, 75013 Paris, France; IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay , F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- P. Petrov
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University , 2301 Vanderbilt Place, Nashville, TN 37235, USA ; [email protected]
- N. S. Pol
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University , 2301 Vanderbilt Place, Nashville, TN 37235, USA ; [email protected]
- N. K. Porayko
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany; Dipartimento di Fisica “G. Occhialini,” Universitá degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca , Piazza della Scienza 3, I-20126 Milano, Italy ; [email protected]
- A. Possenti
- INAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari , via della Scienza 5, 09047 Selargius (CA), Italy
- T. Prabu
- Raman Research Institute India , Bengaluru, Karnataka 560080, India
- H. Quelquejay Leclere
- Université Paris Cité , CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, 75013 Paris, France
- H. A. Radovan
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of Puerto Rico , Mayagüez, PR 00681, USA
- P. Rana
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research , Homi Bhabha Road, Navy Nagar, Colaba, Mumbai 400005, India
- S. M. Ransom
- ORCiD
- National Radio Astronomy Observatory , 520 Edgemont Road, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
- P. S. Ray
- ORCiD
- Space Science Division, Naval Research Laboratory , Washington, DC 20375-5352, USA
- D. J. Reardon
- ORCiD
- Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing, Swinburne University of Technology , P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia; Australia Research Council Centre for Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery (OzGrav) , Australia
- A. F. Rogers
- Institute for Radio Astronomy & Space Research, Auckland University of Technology , Private Bag 92006, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- J. D. Romano
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Texas Tech University , Box 41051, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
- C. J. Russell
- ORCiD
- CSIRO Scientific Computing , Australian Technology Park, Locked Bag 9013, Alexandria, NSW 1435, Australia
- A. Samajdar
- ORCiD
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Potsdam , Haus 28, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24/25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
- S. A. Sanidas
- Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester , Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- S. C. Sardesai
- ORCiD
- Center for Gravitation, Cosmology and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin –Milwaukee, P.O. Box 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA
- A. Schmiedekamp
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics , Penn State Abington, Abington, PA 19001, USA
- C. Schmiedekamp
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics , Penn State Abington, Abington, PA 19001, USA
- K. Schmitz
- ORCiD
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Münster , 48149 Münster, Germany
- L. Schult
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University , 2301 Vanderbilt Place, Nashville, TN 37235, USA ; [email protected]
- A. Sesana
- Dipartimento di Fisica “G. Occhialini,” Universitá degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca , Piazza della Scienza 3, I-20126 Milano, Italy ; [email protected]; INFN, Sezione di Milano-Bicocca , Piazza della Scienza 3, I-20126 Milano, Italy; INAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera , via Brera 20, I-20121 Milano, Italy
- G. Shaifullah
- ORCiD
- Dipartimento di Fisica “G. Occhialini,” Universitá degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca , Piazza della Scienza 3, I-20126 Milano, Italy ; [email protected]; INFN, Sezione di Milano-Bicocca , Piazza della Scienza 3, I-20126 Milano, Italy; INAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari , via della Scienza 5, 09047 Selargius (CA), Italy
- R. M. Shannon
- ORCiD
- Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing, Swinburne University of Technology , P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia; Australia Research Council Centre for Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery (OzGrav) , Australia
- B. J. Shapiro-Albert
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University , P.O. Box 6315, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; Center for Gravitational Waves and Cosmology, West Virginia University , Chestnut Ridge Research Building, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA; Giant Army , 915A 17th Avenue, Seattle WA 98122, USA
- X. Siemens
- ORCiD
- Center for Gravitation, Cosmology and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin –Milwaukee, P.O. Box 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA; Department of Physics, Oregon State University , Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- J. Simon
- ORCiD
- Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado , Boulder, CO 80309, USA
- J. Singha
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee , Roorkee-247667, India; High Energy Physics, Cosmology & Astrophysics Theory (HEPCAT) Group, Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, University of Cape Town , Cape Town 7700, South Africa
- M. S. Siwek
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics, Harvard University , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- L. Speri
- ORCiD
- Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute) , Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- R. Spiewak
- ORCiD
- Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester , Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- A. Srivastava
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics , IIT Hyderabad, Kandi, Telangana 502284, India
- I. H. Stairs
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia , 6224 Agricultural Road, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
- B. W. Stappers
- Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester , Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- D. R. Stinebring
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Oberlin College , Oberlin, OH 44074, USA
- K. Stovall
- ORCiD
- National Radio Astronomy Observatory , 1003 Lopezville Road, Socorro, NM 87801, USA
- J. P. Sun
- Department of Physics, Oregon State University , Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- M. Surnis
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics , IISER Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal 462066, Madhya Pradesh, India
- S. C. Susarla
- ORCiD
- Ollscoil na Gaillimhe—University of Galway , University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
- A. Susobhanan
- ORCiD
- Center for Gravitation, Cosmology and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin –Milwaukee, P.O. Box 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA
- J. K. Swiggum
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Lafayette College , Easton, PA 18042, USA
- K. Takahashi
- ORCiD
- International Research Organization for Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University , 2-39-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan; Division of Natural Science, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University , 2-39-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
- P. Tarafdar
- ORCiD
- The Institute of Mathematical Sciences , C.I.T. Campus, Taramani, Chennai 600113, India
- J. Taylor
- Department of Physics, Oregon State University , Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- S. R. Taylor
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University , 2301 Vanderbilt Place, Nashville, TN 37235, USA ; [email protected]
- G. Theureau
- ORCiD
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l’Environnement et de l’Espace, Université d’Orléans/CNRS , 45071 Orléans Cedex 02, France; Observatoire Radioastronomique de Nançay, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL , Université d’Orléans, CNRS, 18330 Nançay, France; Laboratoire Univers et Théories LUTh, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL , CNRS, Université de Paris, 92190 Meudon, France
- E. Thrane
- Australia Research Council Centre for Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery (OzGrav) , Australia; School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University , VIC 3800, Australia
- N. Thyagarajan
- CSIRO, Space & Astronomy , P.O. Box 1130, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
- C. Tiburzi
- INAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari , via della Scienza 5, 09047 Selargius (CA), Italy
- L. Toomey
- Australia Telescope National Facility , CSIRO, Space and Astronomy, P.O. Box 76, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia
- J. E. Turner
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University , P.O. Box 6315, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; Center for Gravitational Waves and Cosmology, West Virginia University , Chestnut Ridge Research Building, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
- C. Unal
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Be’er Sheva 84105, Israel; Feza Gursey Institute, Bogazici University , Kandilli, 34684, Istanbul, Turkey
- M. Vallisneri
- ORCiD
- Division of Physics, Mathematics, and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology , 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
- E. van der Wateren
- ORCiD
- ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy , Oude Hoogeveensedijk 4, 7991 PD, Dwingeloo, The Netherlands; Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen , P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- R. van Haasteren
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik (Albert-Einstein-Institut) , Callinstrasse 38, D-30167, Hannover, Germany
- A. Vecchio
- ORCiD
- Institute for Gravitational Wave Astronomy and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham , Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- V. Venkatraman Krishnan
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany
- J. P. W. Verbiest
- ORCiD
- Florida Space Institute, University of Central Florida , 12354 Research Parkway, Partnership 1 Building, Suite 214, Orlando, FL 32826-0650, USA
- S. J. Vigeland
- ORCiD
- Center for Gravitation, Cosmology and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin –Milwaukee, P.O. Box 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA
- H. M. Wahl
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University , P.O. Box 6315, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; Center for Gravitational Waves and Cosmology, West Virginia University , Chestnut Ridge Research Building, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
- S. Wang
- Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, People's Republic of China
- Q. Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University , 2301 Vanderbilt Place, Nashville, TN 37235, USA ; [email protected]
- C. A. Witt
- ORCiD
- Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration and Research in Astrophysics (CIERA), Northwestern University , Evanston, IL 60208, USA; Adler Planetarium , 1300 S. DuSable Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL 60605, USA
- J. Wang
- ORCiD
- Fakultät für Physik, Universität Bielefeld , Postfach 100131, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany; Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University , Zhuhai 519087, People's Republic of China; Ruhr University Bochum , Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Astronomical Institute (AIRUB), 44780 Bochum, Germany
- L. Wang
- Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester , Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- K. E. Wayt
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Oregon State University , Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- Z. Wu
- ORCiD
- Fakultät für Physik, Universität Bielefeld , Postfach 100131, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany; National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China
- O. Young
- ORCiD
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology , Rochester, NY 14623, USA; Laboratory for Multiwavelength Astrophysics, Rochester Institute of Technology , Rochester, NY 14623, USA
- L. Zhang
- Australia Telescope National Facility , CSIRO, Space and Astronomy, P.O. Box 76, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia; National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences , A20 Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China
- S. Zhang
- Australia Telescope National Facility , CSIRO, Space and Astronomy, P.O. Box 76, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia; Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China
- X.-J. Zhu
- ORCiD
- Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University , Zhuhai 519087, People's Republic of China
- A. Zic
- ORCiD
- Australia Telescope National Facility , CSIRO, Space and Astronomy, P.O. Box 76, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia; Department of Physics and Astronomy and MQ Research Centre in Astronomy, Astrophysics and Astrophotonics, Macquarie University , NSW 2109, Australia
- The International Pulsar Timing Array Collaboration
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad36be
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 966,
no. 1
p. 105
Abstract
The Australian, Chinese, European, Indian, and North American pulsar timing array (PTA) collaborations recently reported, at varying levels, evidence for the presence of a nanohertz gravitational-wave background (GWB). Given that each PTA made different choices in modeling their data, we perform a comparison of the GWB and individual pulsar noise parameters across the results reported from the PTAs that constitute the International Pulsar Timing Array (IPTA). We show that despite making different modeling choices, there is no significant difference in the GWB parameters that are measured by the different PTAs, agreeing within 1 σ . The pulsar noise parameters are also consistent between different PTAs for the majority of the pulsars included in these analyses. We bridge the differences in modeling choices by adopting a standardized noise model for all pulsars and PTAs, finding that under this model there is a reduction in the tension in the pulsar noise parameters. As part of this reanalysis, we “extended” each PTA’s data set by adding extra pulsars that were not timed by that PTA. Under these extensions, we find better constraints on the GWB amplitude and a higher signal-to-noise ratio for the Hellings–Downs correlations. These extensions serve as a prelude to the benefits offered by a full combination of data across all pulsars in the IPTA, i.e., the IPTA’s Data Release 3, which will involve not just adding in additional pulsars but also including data from all three PTAs where any given pulsar is timed by more than a single PTA.
Keywords
