Patient Preference and Adherence (Sep 2019)
Drug Non-Adherence And Reasons Among Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Patients In Guizhou, China: A Cross-Sectional Study
Abstract
Yun Wang,1,2 Huijuan Chen,3 Zhongfeng Huang,4 Edward B McNeil,2 Xiaolong Lu,1 Virasakdi Chongsuvivatwong2 1School of Medicine and Health Management, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand; 3Department of Tuberculosis Prevention and Control, Guizhou Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Guiyang, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Tuberculosis, Guiyang Public Health Clinical Center, Guiyang, Guizhou, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Virasakdi ChongsuvivatwongEpidemiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, 15 Kanchanawanit Road, Hat Yai, Songkhla, ThailandTel +66 74 429 754Fax +66 74 212 900Email [email protected]: Treatment interruption and incorrect dosage for measuring drug non-adherence have seldom been studied in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) treatment. This study aimed to 1) estimate the overall and drug-specific incidence of short (≤14 days) and serious (>14 days) treatment interruption among MDR-TB patients, 2) identify main reasons and predictors for serious interruption, and 3) document the level of agreement of classification for incorrect drug dosage between self-report and pill count.Patients and methods: A cross-sectional study combining hospital-based interviews and home-based pill count was conducted from January to June 2018. Treatment interruption was determined from patient’s medical records and interviews using a structured questionnaire among 202 patients treated at one designated hospital for MDR-TB treatment. Concordance of pills counted with self-reports for each drug use within one month was assessed for a subgroup of patients at their homes using kappa statistics.Results: Of 202 patients, the incidence of short and serious treatment interruption was 37.6% and 28.7%, respectively. Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and financial hardship were the top two reasons for serious interruption. Amikacin and cycloserine had the highest rate of specific drug interruption (18.3% and 10.2%, respectively). ADRs (ORadj: 2.82, 95% CI: 1.41–5.61), monthly out-of-pocket expenses exceeding 250 US dollars (ORadj: 2.27, 95% CI: 1.14–4.50), and baseline co-morbidities (ORadj: 2.53, 95% CI: 1.19–5.38) were significantly associated with serious treatment interruption. Of 111 patients assessed for pill count at home, 5.4% had perfect drug adherence, 54.1% had drug under-use, 6.3% had drug over-use, and 34.2% had both problems. The respective number from self-reports was 7.2%, 56.8%, 5.4% and 30.6%. The two methods gave an acceptable level of agreement for most of the drugs (kappa: 0.52–0.95).Conclusion: Close monitoring of ADRs, revision of drug regimens, and financial support for MDR-TB in this study population are needed. Self-report on drug under-use and over-use should be monitored monthly in clinical settings.Keywords: multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, adherence, treatment interruption, Guizhou
