The Promising Potency of Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors in the Prevention of and as Treatment for Cognitive Impairment Among Type 2 Diabetes Patients
Yibin Zhang,
Xiaobin Liao,
Jialu Xu,
Jiaxin Yin,
Shan Li,
Mengni Li,
Xiaoli Shi,
Shujun Zhang,
Chunyu Li,
Weijie Xu,
Xuefeng Yu,
Yan Yang
Affiliations
Yibin Zhang
Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
Xiaobin Liao
Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
Jialu Xu
Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
Jiaxin Yin
Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
Shan Li
Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
Mengni Li
Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
Xiaoli Shi
Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
Shujun Zhang
Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
Chunyu Li
Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
Weijie Xu
Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
Xuefeng Yu
Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
Yan Yang
Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), accounting for the majority of diabetes mellitus prevalence, is associated with an increased risk of cognition decline and deterioration of cognition function in diabetic patients. The sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2), located in the renal proximal tubule, plays a role in urine glucose reabsorption. SGLT2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), have shown potential benefits beyond cardiac and renal improvement in preventing and treating cognitive impairment (CI), including mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia in T2DM patients. Studies suggest that SGLT2i may ameliorate diabetic CI through metabolism pathways, inflammation, oxidative stress, neurotrophic factors and AChE inhibition. Clinical trials and meta-analyses have reported significant and insignificant results. Given their vascular effects, SGLT2i may offer unique protection against vascular CI. This review compiles mechanisms and clinical evidence, emphasizing the need for future analysis, evaluation, trials and meta-analyses to verify and recommend optimal SGLT2i selection and dosage for specific patients.
