THE FLUID OVERLOAD: CAUSES, DIAGNOSIS, COMPLICATIONS, TREATMENT

Abstract

The review describes the current understanding of the fluid overload etiology and the edema propagation mechanisms, as well as the basic metabolic changes which occur under the fluid overload are analyzed. The clinical, laboratory and radiological diagnostic methods and the methods of treatment are given in detail. The international data on the possible complications under the fluid overload are presented.

Keywords

• fluid overload
• central venous pressure
• pulmonary edema
• the daily fluid balance
• intravascular blood volume