First report of Acinetobacter pittii acute community-acquired pneumonia in an immunocompetent patient in France following a heat wave

Abstract

Abstract Background In recent years, Acinetobacter baumannii-calcoaceticus complex (ABC) infections have attracted attention, mainly because of the impact of carbapenem-resistant isolates in hospital-acquired infections. However, acute community-acquired ABC infections are not uncommon in warm and humid countries, where they are responsible for community-acquired infections with specific clinical features. To date, such infection has not been reported in France. Case presentation We report the case of a 55-year-old non-immunocompromised patient living in France with no known risk factors for community-acquired ABC infections who presented pneumonia with bloodstream infection due to wild-type A. pittii. The outcome was favorable after 7 days of antibiotic treatment with cefepime. We confirmed bacterial identification with whole-genome sequencing, and we examined the A. pitii core-genome phylogeny for genomic clusters. Conclusions This situation is uncommon in Europe and occurred after a heat wave in France with temperatures above 38 °C. Herein, we discuss the possibility that this pneumonia may be emerging in the current context of global warming.

Keywords

• Community-acquired pneumonia
• Acinetobacter pittii
• Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii complex
• Global warming
• Emerging infectious diseases