Severity of respiratory illness among Covid-19-vaccinated and non-vaccinated admitted patients—An observational study from a teaching hospital of Tripura

Abstract

Objective: To determine the association between vaccination status and mortality among critically ill patients admitted in a dedicated Covid hospital of Tripura who required invasive mechanical ventilation. Material and Methods: This study was conducted at a dedicated Covid hospital of Tripura for a period of six months, i.e., from June 2021 to November 2021. A total of 304 patients were enrolled for this study. Baseline epidemiological, radiological data along with other information like heart rate, pulse rate, oxygen saturation (SpO2), etc., were collected through patient record sheet in all cases during hospitalization. Statistical analysis was done by using SPSS 25 version. Results: Admission and mortality rates in hospital and advanced oxygen support like bi-level positive airway pressure (BiPAP), high-flow nasal cannula (HFNOC), and ventilator use incidences were higher in non-vaccinated patients (17.1%) in comparison to double-dose-vaccinated (0.98%) and single-dose (2.3%)-vaccinated patients. Conclusion: This retrospective data analysis of Covid-19 positive patients admitted in the dedicated Covid Hospital of Tripura suggests that severe infection, need for invasive and non-invasive ventilation, and death were significantly less in the vaccinated patients as compared to the vaccine-naive one.

Keywords

• covid-19
• respiratory illness
• treatment outcomes
• vaccine