Caracterización de parcelas productoras de arroz (Oryza sativa L.) en Tumbes, Perú

Abstract

The objective of the study was to characterize the "rice" production plots, a concerted survey of 50 questions used was, of which 35 questions related were to the socio-economic component and 15 related to the environmental component. A multivariate analysis carried out was to form groups or clusters, whose purpose was to group the plots and form conglomerates (clusters) with a high degree of internal homogeneity and external heterogeneity. For the processing of the data, the statistical software Info Stat used. Was Among the most important results, it was found that the majority of producers own their plots, sow between 0.5 to 5 hectares, the yield of grain rice is between 5 000 to 8 000 kg/ha and all do conventional agriculture. The conglomerate analysis classifies the plots into 6 groups, the producers of conglomerate 1 share the greatest number of variables (21), having in common the variables: ownership of the plot, use of chemical fertilizers, burning of weeds and harvest residues, use of agrochemicals. The producers of conglomerate 5 have 12 variables in common, among them: they do not incorporate organic matter, they do not rotate crops, they do not use biological control, and they do not use repellents. It recommended is to promote the rotation and association of crops under the diversity principle; likewise, to promote the self-sustained fertility of the soil, and to include in the productive process, the integrated management of insect pests and phytopathogens.

Keywords

• conglomerate analysis
• conventional agriculture
• socio-economic component
• environmental.