Cell Reports (Jul 2023)

Interactions between host and intestinal crypt-resided biofilms are controlled by epithelial fucosylation

  • Xue-Kun Guo,
  • Jiali Wang,
  • Vincent P. van Hensbergen,
  • Jintao Liu,
  • Huji Xu,
  • Xiaoyu Hu

Journal volume & issue
Vol. 42, no. 7
p. 112754

Abstract

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Summary: As highly organized consortia of bacteria, biofilms have long been implicated in aggravating inflammation. However, our understanding regarding in vivo host-biofilm interactions in the complex tissue environments remains limited. Here, we show a unique pattern of crypt occupation by mucus-associated biofilms during the early stage of colitis, which is genetically dependent on bacterial biofilm-forming capacity and restricted by host epithelial α1,2-fucosylation. α1,2-Fucosylation deficiency leads to markedly augmented crypt occupation by biofilms originated from pathogenic Salmonella Typhimurium or indigenous Escherichia coli, resulting in exacerbated intestinal inflammation. Mechanistically, α1,2-fucosylation-mediated restriction of biofilms relies on interactions between bacteria and liberated fucose from biofilm-occupied mucus. Fucose represses biofilm formation and biofilm-related genes in vitro and in vivo. Finally, fucose administration ameliorates experimental colitis, suggesting therapeutic potential of fucose for biofilm-related disorders. This work illustrates host-biofilm interactions during gut inflammation and identifies fucosylation as a physiological strategy for restraining biofilm formation.

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