Frequency of <i>Candida</i> spp. in the Oral Cavity of Asymptomatic Preschool Mexican Children and Its Association with Nutritional Status
Rodolfo Pinto-Almazán,
María Guadalupe Frías-De-León,
Claudia Erika Fuentes-Venado,
Roberto Arenas,
Leopoldo González-Gutiérrez,
Edwin Chávez-Gutiérrez,
Oscar Uriel Torres-Paez,
Erick Martínez-Herrera
Affiliations
Rodolfo Pinto-Almazán
Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico
María Guadalupe Frías-De-León
Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Ixtapaluca, Ixtapaluca 56530, Mexico
Claudia Erika Fuentes-Venado
Servicio de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación, Hospital General de Zona No. 197, Texcoco 56108, Mexico
Roberto Arenas
Sección de Micología, Hospital General “Dr. Manuel Gea González”, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico
Leopoldo González-Gutiérrez
Clínica Sanvite, Guadalajara 44110, Mexico
Edwin Chávez-Gutiérrez
Doctorado en Biomedicina y Biotecnología Molecular, Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Luis Enrique Erro S/N, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Zacatenco, Alcaldía Gustavo A. Madero, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico
Oscar Uriel Torres-Paez
Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Ixtapaluca, Ixtapaluca 56530, Mexico
Erick Martínez-Herrera
Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico
Malnutrition is a public health problem in developing countries, affecting the child population, which favors the appearance of infections such as oral candidiasis. In Mexico, information on the presence of oral colonization by Candida spp. in asymptomatic children is scarce. The present study aimed to determine the presence of Candida spp. in the oral cavity of asymptomatic preschool Mexican children and its association with their nutritional status. A sample of oral mucosa was obtained using a sterile swab and then inoculated in Sabouraud dextrose agar with antibiotics, and the yeast growth was phenotypically identified. The anthropometric profile of children was performed based on the guidelines of the International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry. In addition, eating habits were investigated. The possible associations between the variables were determined through the chi-square test (IC95%, p Candida was isolated, and the identified species were C. albicans (87.8%), C. glabrata (11.5%), C. krusei (5.8%) and C. parapsilosis (1.9%). The frequency of colonization was greater in males of six years (69.23%). There was no significant association between the colonization by Candida spp. and the nutritional status; however, a relation was observed with a high intake of simple carbohydrates.
