Nutrición Hospitalaria (Jun 2012)
Efecto de un programa de entrenamiento aeróbico de 8 semanas durante las clases de educación física en adolescentes Effect of an 8-week aerobic training program during physical education lessons on aerobic fitness in adolescents
Abstract
Objetivo: Determinar el efecto de un programa de entrenamiento aeróbico de alta intensidad de 8 semanas, desarrollado durante las clases de Educación Física, sobre la capacidad aeróbica de adolescentes de 15 a 18 años. Método: Un total de 84 adolescentes (51 chicos y 33 chicas) participaron en el presente estudio. La capacidad aeróbica (VO2max) se midió directamente con un analizador de gases portátil (K4b², Cosmed) durante la realización del 20 Meter Shuttle Run Test (20mSRT). La muestra fue dividida en 2 grupos experimentales (G2S y G3S) y 1 grupo control. El programa de entrenamiento consistió en la práctica de actividad física aeróbica con una intensidad equivalente al 75-80% del VO2max. El G2S realizó 2 sesiones semanales mientras que el G3S realizó 3 sesiones. Resultados: El G2S incrementó el VO2max (de 55,7 a 56,6 ml/kg/min los chicos; de 37,8 a 38,7 ml/kg/min las chicas, p Objective: To determine the effect of a high intensity aerobic training program of 8 weeks, developed during physical education classes, on the aerobic capacity of adolescents aged 15 to 18 years. Methods: A total of 84 adolescents (51 boys and 33 girls) participated in this study. The aerobic capacity (VO2max) was measured directly with a portable gas analyzer (K4b², Cosmed) during the performance of the 20 Meters Shuttle Run Test (20mSRT). The sample was divided into 2 experimental groups (G2S and G3S) and 1 control group. The training program was composed of aerobic physical activity (75-80% VO2max.). The G2S developed 2 sessions per week while the G3S made 3. Results: The G2S increased VO2max (boys: from 55.7 to 56.6 ml/kg/min; girls: from 37.8 to 38.7 ml/kg/min; p < 0.001) and the number of stages in the 20mSRT (9.0% boys, p < 0.001; 20.0% girls, p < 0.001). The G3S also increased VO2max (boys: from 54.9 to 56.0 ml/kg/min; girls: from 36.0 to 38.7 ml/kg/min) and the number stages in the 20mSRT (10.4% boys, p < 0.001; 32.3% girls, p < 0.001). In G2S and G3s, girls showed greater improvement than boys. Conclusions: A high intensity aerobic training program developed during 8 weeks, 2 sessions per week, improves aerobic capacity of the students. An extra session of intense exercise for week is a greater improvement in girls, but do not produce such effects in boys.
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