Land Use and Water-Quality Joint Dynamics of the Córrego da Formiga, Brazilian Cerrado Headwaters
Pedro Rogerio Giongo,
Ana Paula Aparecida de Oliveira Assis,
Marcos Vinícius da Silva,
Abelardo Antônio de Assunção Montenegro,
José Henrique da Silva Taveira,
Adriana Rodolfo da Costa,
Patrícia Costa Silva,
Angelina Maria Marcomini Giongo,
Héliton Pandorfi,
Alessandro José Marques Santos,
Clarice Backes,
Maria Beatriz Ferreira,
Jhon Lennon Bezerra da Silva
Affiliations
Pedro Rogerio Giongo
Department in Environment and Society, State University of Goiás, Avenida Brasil, 435 Conjunto Setor Helio Leao, City of Quirinópolis 75860-000, GO, Brazil
Ana Paula Aparecida de Oliveira Assis
Department in Environment and Society, State University of Goiás, Avenida Brasil, 435 Conjunto Setor Helio Leao, City of Quirinópolis 75860-000, GO, Brazil
Marcos Vinícius da Silva
Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Av. D. Manoel de Medeiros, SN, Dois Irmãos, City of Recife 52171-900, PE, Brazil
Abelardo Antônio de Assunção Montenegro
Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Av. D. Manoel de Medeiros, SN, Dois Irmãos, City of Recife 52171-900, PE, Brazil
José Henrique da Silva Taveira
Department of Agricultural Engineering, State University of Goiás, Via Protestato Joaquim Bueno, 945, Perímetro Urbano, City of Santa Helena de Goiás 75920-000, GO, Brazil
Adriana Rodolfo da Costa
Department of Agricultural Engineering, State University of Goiás, Via Protestato Joaquim Bueno, 945, Perímetro Urbano, City of Santa Helena de Goiás 75920-000, GO, Brazil
Patrícia Costa Silva
Department of Agricultural Engineering, State University of Goiás, Via Protestato Joaquim Bueno, 945, Perímetro Urbano, City of Santa Helena de Goiás 75920-000, GO, Brazil
Angelina Maria Marcomini Giongo
Department in Goiás Sanitation Company S/A-(SANEAGO), Street José Honório de Oliveira, Lucilene, City of Santa Helena de Goiás 75920-000, GO, Brazil
Héliton Pandorfi
Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Av. D. Manoel de Medeiros, SN, Dois Irmãos, City of Recife 52171-900, PE, Brazil
Alessandro José Marques Santos
Department of the Graduate Program in Animal Production and Forage, State University of Goiás, Rua da Saudade N°56, Esquina com a Viela B, Vila Eduarda, City of São Luís de Montes Belos 76100-000, GO, Brazil
Clarice Backes
Department of the Graduate Program in Animal Production and Forage, State University of Goiás, Rua da Saudade N°56, Esquina com a Viela B, Vila Eduarda, City of São Luís de Montes Belos 76100-000, GO, Brazil
Maria Beatriz Ferreira
Department of Forest Sciences, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Av. D. Manoel de Medeiros, SN, Dois Irmãos, City of Recife 52171-900, PE, Brazil
Jhon Lennon Bezerra da Silva
Department of Agricultural Engineering, State University of Goiás, Via Protestato Joaquim Bueno, 945, Perímetro Urbano, City of Santa Helena de Goiás 75920-000, GO, Brazil
The Brazilian Cerrado biome provides relevant ecosystem services for Brazil and South America, being strategic for the planning and management of water resources as well as for agribusiness. The objective was to evaluate the water quality along the course of the Córrego da Formiga in a virgin portion of the Brazilian Cerrado, the relationship of land use with physical-chemical and biological parameters of the water, and the inflow of the tributary. Five water collection points were defined (between the source and mouth) and observed on a quarterly scale in 2015, water samples were collected and analyzed for physical-chemical and biological parameters in the laboratory, and flow measurements were performed at the same point and day of water collection. To identify and quantify land use and land cover (LULC) in the watershed, an image from the Landsat8-OLI satellite was obtained, and other geomorphological data from hypsometry (Topodata-INPE) were obtained to generate the slope, basin delimitation, and contribution area for each water collection point. The LULC percentages for each area of contribution to the water collection points were correlated with the physical-chemical and biological parameters of the water and submitted to multivariate analysis (PLS-DA) for analysis and grouping among the five analyzed points. Changes in water-quality patterns were more pronounced concerning the time when the first and last sampling was performed (rainy period) and may be influenced by the increase in the volume of water in these periods. The stream flow is highly variable over time and between points, with the lowest recorded flow being 0.1 L s−1 (P1) and the highest being 947.80 L s−1 (P5). Córrego da Formiga has class III water quality (CONAMA resolution 357), which characterizes small restrictions on the use of water for multiple uses. The soil cover with native vegetation is just over 12%, while the predominance was of the classes of sugar cane (62.42%) and pasture (19.33%). The PLS-DA analysis allowed separating the water analysis points between P1, P2, P3, and P5, while P4 was superimposed on others. It was also possible to verify that the parameters that weighed the most for this separation of water quality were pH, alkalinity_T, alkalinity_h, calcium, and hardness, all with a tendency to increase concentration from the source (P1) to the mouth (P5). As for water quality, it was also possible to verify that points P2 and P5 presented better water-quality conditions.
