Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (Jun 2014)
Overview of the Manitou Experimental Forest Observatory: site description and selected science results from 2008 to 2013
- J. Ortega,
- A. Turnipseed,
- A. B. Guenther,
- T. G. Karl,
- D. A. Day,
- D. Gochis,
- J. A. Huffman,
- A. J. Prenni,
- E. J. T. Levin,
- S. M. Kreidenweis,
- P. J. DeMott,
- Y. Tobo,
- E. G. Patton,
- A. Hodzic,
- Y. Y. Cui,
- P. C. Harley,
- R. S. Hornbrook,
- E. C. Apel,
- R. K. Monson,
- A. S. D. Eller,
- J. P. Greenberg,
- M. C. Barth,
- P. Campuzano-Jost,
- B. B. Palm,
- J. L. Jimenez,
- A. C. Aiken,
- M. K. Dubey,
- C. Geron,
- J. Offenberg,
- M. G. Ryan,
- P. J. Fornwalt,
- S. C. Pryor,
- F. N. Keutsch,
- J. P. DiGangi,
- A. W. H. Chan,
- A. H. Goldstein,
- G. M. Wolfe,
- S. Kim,
- L. Kaser,
- R. Schnitzhofer,
- A. Hansel,
- C. A. Cantrell,
- R. L. Mauldin,
- J. N. Smith
Affiliations
- J. Ortega
- National Center for Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307, USA
- A. Turnipseed
- National Center for Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307, USA
- A. B. Guenther
- National Center for Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307, USA
- T. G. Karl
- National Center for Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307, USA
- D. A. Day
- University of Colorado, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
- D. Gochis
- National Center for Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307, USA
- J. A. Huffman
- Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, P.O. Box 3060, 55020, Mainz, Germany
- A. J. Prenni
- Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
- E. J. T. Levin
- Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
- S. M. Kreidenweis
- Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
- P. J. DeMott
- Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
- Y. Tobo
- Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
- E. G. Patton
- National Center for Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307, USA
- A. Hodzic
- National Center for Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307, USA
- Y. Y. Cui
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Saint Louis University, MO 63103, USA
- P. C. Harley
- National Center for Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307, USA
- R. S. Hornbrook
- National Center for Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307, USA
- E. C. Apel
- National Center for Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307, USA
- R. K. Monson
- School of Natural Resources and the Environment and Laboratory for Tree Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- A. S. D. Eller
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
- J. P. Greenberg
- National Center for Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307, USA
- M. C. Barth
- National Center for Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307, USA
- P. Campuzano-Jost
- University of Colorado, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
- B. B. Palm
- University of Colorado, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
- J. L. Jimenez
- University of Colorado, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
- A. C. Aiken
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
- M. K. Dubey
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
- C. Geron
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Air pollution Prevention and Control Division, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA
- J. Offenberg
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA
- M. G. Ryan
- National Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
- P. J. Fornwalt
- United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 240 West Prospect Rd., Fort Collins, CO 80526, USA
- S. C. Pryor
- Department of Geological Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington IN 47405, USA
- F. N. Keutsch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- J. P. DiGangi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- A. W. H. Chan
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- A. H. Goldstein
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- G. M. Wolfe
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics Laboratory, Goddard Space Flight Center, 8800 Greenbelt Road, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- S. Kim
- National Center for Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307, USA
- L. Kaser
- Institute for Ion Physics and Applied Physics, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- R. Schnitzhofer
- Institute for Ion Physics and Applied Physics, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- A. Hansel
- Institute for Ion Physics and Applied Physics, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- C. A. Cantrell
- National Center for Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307, USA
- R. L. Mauldin
- National Center for Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307, USA
- J. N. Smith
- National Center for Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307, USA
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-6345-2014
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 14,
no. 12
pp. 6345 – 6367
Abstract
The Bio-hydro-atmosphere interactions of Energy, Aerosols, Carbon, H2O, Organics & Nitrogen (BEACHON) project seeks to understand the feedbacks and inter-relationships between hydrology, biogenic emissions, carbon assimilation, aerosol properties, clouds and associated feedbacks within water-limited ecosystems. The Manitou Experimental Forest Observatory (MEFO) was established in 2008 by the National Center for Atmospheric Research to address many of the BEACHON research objectives, and it now provides a fixed field site with significant infrastructure. MEFO is a mountainous, semi-arid ponderosa pine-dominated forest site that is normally dominated by clean continental air but is periodically influenced by anthropogenic sources from Colorado Front Range cities. This article summarizes the past and ongoing research activities at the site, and highlights some of the significant findings that have resulted from these measurements. These activities include - soil property measurements; - hydrological studies; - measurements of high-frequency turbulence parameters; - eddy covariance flux measurements of water, energy, aerosols and carbon dioxide through the canopy; - determination of biogenic and anthropogenic volatile organic compound emissions and their influence on regional atmospheric chemistry; - aerosol number and mass distributions; - chemical speciation of aerosol particles; - characterization of ice and cloud condensation nuclei; - trace gas measurements; and - model simulations using coupled chemistry and meteorology. In addition to various long-term continuous measurements, three focused measurement campaigns with state-of-the-art instrumentation have taken place since the site was established, and two of these studies are the subjects of this special issue: BEACHON-ROCS (Rocky Mountain Organic Carbon Study, 2010) and BEACHON-RoMBAS (Rocky Mountain Biogenic Aerosol Study, 2011).
