New Iron(III)-Containing Composite of Salinomycinic Acid with Antitumor Activity—Synthesis and Characterization
Juliana Ivanova,
Rositsa Kukeva,
Radostina Stoyanova,
Tanya Zhivkova,
Abedulkadir Abudalleh,
Lora Dyakova,
Radostina Alexandrova,
Irena Pashkunova-Martic,
Johannes Theiner,
Peter Dorkov,
Michaela Hejl,
Michael A. Jakupec,
Bernhard Keppler,
Ivo Grabchev
Affiliations
Juliana Ivanova
Faculty of Medicine, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, Kozjak Str., 1, 1407 Sofia, Bulgaria
Rositsa Kukeva
Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Georgi Bonchev Str., Bl. 11, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
Radostina Stoyanova
Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Georgi Bonchev Str., Bl. 11, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
Tanya Zhivkova
Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Georgi Bonchev Str., Bl. 25, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
Abedulkadir Abudalleh
Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Georgi Bonchev Str., Bl. 25, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
Lora Dyakova
Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Georgi Bonchev Str., Bl. 23, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
Radostina Alexandrova
Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Georgi Bonchev Str., Bl. 25, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
Irena Pashkunova-Martic
Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Division of Molecular and Structural Preclinical Imaging, Preclinical Imaging Laboratory, Medical University of Vienna, General Hospital of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
Johannes Theiner
Microanalytical Laboratory, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
In this study we demonstrated for the first time synthetic procedures for composites of salinomycin (SalH) and two-line ferrihydrite. The products were characterized by various methods such as elemental analysis, attenuated total reflectance–Fourier-transform spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR), powder X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), electrospray-ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), thermogravimetric analysis with differential thermal analysis (DTA) and mass spectrometry (TG-DTA/MS). The EPR spectra of the isolated compounds consisted of signals associated with both isolated Fe3+ ions and magnetically coupled Fe3+ ions. Powder XRD analyses of the isolated products showed two intense and broad peaks at 9° and 15° 2Θ, corresponding to salinomycinic acid. Broad peaks with very low intensity around 35°, assigned to two-line ferrihydrite, were also registered. Based on the experimental results, we concluded that salinomycin sodium reacted with Fe(III) chloride to form composites consisting of two-line ferrihydrite and salinomycinic acid. One of the composites exerted pronounced antitumor activity in the sub-micromolar concentration range against human cervical cancer (HeLa), non-small-cell lung cancer (A549), colon cancer (SW480), and ovarian teratocarcinoma (CH1/PA1) cells.
