Staphylococcus aureus biofilm: Formulation, regulatory, and emerging natural products-derived therapeutics
Xiying Wu,
Huan Wang,
Juan Xiong,
Guo-Xun Yang,
Jin-Feng Hu,
Quangang Zhu,
Zhongjian Chen
Affiliations
Xiying Wu
Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200443, China; Institute of Natural Medicine and Health Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Zhejiang, 318000, China; Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
Huan Wang
School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
Juan Xiong
Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
Guo-Xun Yang
Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
Jin-Feng Hu
Institute of Natural Medicine and Health Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Zhejiang, 318000, China; Corresponding author.
Quangang Zhu
Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200443, China; Corresponding author.
Zhongjian Chen
Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200443, China; Corresponding author.
Staphylococcus aureus can readily form biofilm which enhances the drug-resistance, resulting in life-threatening infections involving different organs. Biofilm formation occurs due to a series of developmental events including bacterial adhesion, aggregation, biofilm maturation, and dispersion, which are controlled by multiple regulatory systems. Rapidly increasing research and development outcomes on natural products targeting S. aureus biofilm formation and/or regulation led to an emergent application of active phytochemicals and combinations. This review aimed at providing an in-depth understanding of biofilm formation and regulation mechanisms for S. aureus, outlining the most important antibiofilm strategies and potential targets of natural products, and summarizing the latest progress in combating S. aureus biofilm with plant-derived natural products. These findings provided further evidence for novel antibiofilm drugs research and clinical therapies.
