Development of Demand Factors for Electric Car Charging Points for Varying Charging Powers and Area Types

Abstract

With the increasing number of electric vehicles, the required charging infrastructure is increasing rapidly. The lack of historical data for the charging infrastructure compromises a challenge for distribution system operators to forecast the corresponding increase in the load demand. This challenge is characterised by two main uncertainties, namely, the charging power of the charging infrastructure and its location. Expectedly, the charging infrastructure is going to include varying charging powers and is going to be installed country-wide in different area types. Hence, this contribution sets to tackle these two uncertainties by developing demand factors for the charging infrastructure according to the area type. In order to develop the demand factors, a stochastic simulation tool for the charging profiles has been run for a simulation period of 5200 weeks (100 years) for six main charging powers and seven area types for up to 500 charging points. Thus, compromising a total of over 2.1 million simulated charging profiles. The resulting demand factor curves cover the charging powers between 3.7 kW and 350 kW with 1 kW steps for a total of 348 kW steps. Furthermore, they differ according to seven area types ranging from an urban metropolis to a rural village and are developed for up to 500 charging points. Consequently, the demand factor curves serve as a base to be used for the strategic grid planning of distribution power grids while taking the future development of the charging infrastructure into account.

Keywords

• charging points
• charging powers
• diversity factors
• electromobility
• strategic grid planning