Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical (Oct 2010)

PRODUÇÃO DE SILAGEM DE HÍBRIDOS DE MILHO E SORGO SEM NITROGÊNIO DE COBERTURA EM SAFRA DE VERÃO MAIZE AND SORGHUM HYBRIDS SILAGE PRODUCTION WITHOUT NITROGEN FERTILIZATION IN THE SUMMER GROWING SEASON

  • Adriano Perin,
  • Rafaella Belchior Brasil,
  • Roni Fernandes Guareschi,
  • Jessika Mara Martins Ribeiro

DOI
https://doi.org/10.5216/pat.v40i4.6389
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 40, no. 4

Abstract

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<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:HyphenationZone>21</w:HyphenationZone> <w:PunctuationKerning /> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas /> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables /> <w:SnapToGridInCell /> <w:WrapTextWithPunct /> <w:UseAsianBreakRules /> <w:DontGrowAutofit /> </w:Compatibility> <w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel> </w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" LatentStyleCount="156"> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if !mso]><object classid="clsid:38481807-CA0E-42D2-BF39-B33AF135CC4D" id=ieooui></object> <mce:style><! st1:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) } --> <!--[endif]--> <!-- /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-parent:""; margin:0cm; margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; text-autospace:none; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language:EN-US;} @page Section1 {size:612.0pt 792.0pt; margin:70.85pt 3.0cm 70.85pt 3.0cm; mso-header-margin:36.0pt; mso-footer-margin:36.0pt; mso-paper-source:0;} div.Section1 {page:Section1;} --> <!--[if gte mso 10]> <mce:style><! /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabela normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:#0400; mso-fareast-language:#0400; mso-bidi-language:#0400;} --> <p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 120%; text-decoration: none;" lang="pt-BR" align="JUSTIFY"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-size: small;">A obten&ccedil;&atilde;o de h&iacute;bridos que apresentem elevada participa&ccedil;&atilde;o de gr&atilde;os na massa seca total, colmos e folhas mais digest&iacute;veis e alta produtividade total de massa seca &eacute; o principal objetivo dos programas de melhoramento visando &agrave; ensilagem. Diante disto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a produ&ccedil;&atilde;o de silagem de planta inteira de h&iacute;bridos de milho e sorgo, na safra de ver&atilde;o, sem aduba&ccedil;&atilde;o nitrogenada de cobertura. A pesquisa foi conduzida em Latossolo Vermelho distrof&eacute;rrico de textura m&eacute;dia, no munic&iacute;pio de Rio Verde, sudoeste de Goi&aacute;s. Adotou-se o delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com seis tratamentos e quatro repeti&ccedil;&otilde;es. Os tratamentos foram milho (P-30F90, DKB-177 e AG-7010) e sorgo (experimental 1, experimental 2 e Volumax). O milho foi semeado em espa&ccedil;amento de 0,90 m, com 6 plantas por metro, e o sorgo em espa&ccedil;amento de 0,45 m, com 8 plantas por metro. As avalia&ccedil;&otilde;es constaram da produ&ccedil;&atilde;o de biomassa da parte a&eacute;rea, bem como da propor&ccedil;&atilde;o de massa fresca e seca de colmo, folhas e espigas de milho e pan&iacute;culas de sorgo, aos 105 dias ap&oacute;s a emerg&ecirc;ncia (DAE). O h&iacute;brido de sorgo Volumax apresentou a maior produtividade de biomassa, para fins de ensilagem. Os h&iacute;bridos de milho conferiram maior propor&ccedil;&atilde;o de espigas, na rela&ccedil;&atilde;o espigas/biomassa total, quando comparados &agrave; rela&ccedil;&atilde;o pan&iacute;culas/biomassa total dos h&iacute;bridos de sorgo, demonstrando a import&acirc;ncia da utiliza&ccedil;&atilde;o de milho para agregar qualidade &agrave; silagem.</span></span> </span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 120%; text-decoration: none;" lang="pt-BR" align="JUSTIFY"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">PALAVRAS-CHAVE:<strong> </strong><em>Zea mays</em>; <em>Sorghum bicolor</em>; caracter&iacute;sticas fitot&eacute;cnicas.</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 120%; text-decoration: none;" lang="pt-BR" align="JUSTIFY"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Obtaining hybrids that have high percentage of grains in total dry mass, more digestible leaves and stems, and high total dry matter yield is the main objective of silage breeding programs.<strong> </strong>So, the objective of this research was to evaluate the silage production of hybrid maize and sorghum whole plants without nitrogen fertilization, in the summer growing season. The research was conducted in a medium textured Latossol, in Rio Verde, southeast of the Goi&aacute;s State, Brazil.<span style="color: #ff0000;"> </span>A randomized blocks design with six treatments and four replications was used. The treatments were maize (P-30F90, DKB-177, and AG-7010) and sorghum (Experimental 1, Experimental 2, and Volumax). For maize, six plants per meter were sown at 0.90 m row spacing, while, for sorghum, eight plants per meter were sown at 0.45 m row spacing. The evaluations consisted of shoot biomass, as well as ratio of fresh and dry mass of maize stalks, leaves, and ears, and sorghum panicles, collected at 105 days after emergence (DAE). The Volumax sorghum hybrid presented the highest shoot biomass yield. Maize hybrids presented a higher proportion of ear/shoot biomass than panicle/shoot biomass of sorghum hybrids, confirming the importance of corn use for silage quality. </span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 120%; text-decoration: none;" lang="en-US" align="JUSTIFY"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">KEY-WORDS:<em> Zea mays</em>; <em>Sorghum bicolor</em>; plant characteristics.</span></span></span></p>

Keywords