Crescimento de Pistia stratiotes em diferentes condições de temperatura e fotoperíodo Growth of Pistia stratiotes in different temperature and photoperiod regimes

Abstract

A temperatura e fotoperíodo são variáveis abióticas que influenciam diretamente a produção primária das macrófitas aquáticas, determinam a distribuição geográfica das espécies e afetam a estrutura das comunidades. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a influência de diferentes condições de temperatura e fotoperíodo no crescimento de Pistia stratiotes. Indivíduos de P. stratiotes foram acondicionados em câmaras climáticas, com controle de temperatura e fotoperíodo. Utilizou-se oito tratamentos, 1 (15 ºC/8 h de fotoperíodo); 2 (15 ºC/12 h); 3 (25 ºC/8 h); 4 (25 ºC/12 h); 5 (30 ºC/8 h) e 6 (30 ºC/12 h). O maior ganho de biomassa ocorreu no tratamento 4, que apresentou diferenças significativas (pTemperature and photoperiod are abiotic variables that directly influence aquatic macrophyte production. They also determine the geographic distribution of the species and affect community structure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the growth of Pistia stratiotes in different temperature and photoperiod regimes. P. stratiotes plants were conditioned in growth chambers with controlled temperature and photoperiod. Six treatments were used: 1 (15 ºC/8 h photoperiod); 2 (15 ºC/12 h); 3 (25 ºC/8 h); 4 (25 ºC/12 h); 5 (30 ºC/8 h) and 6 (30 ºC/12 h). The highest biomass gain occurred with treatment number 4 which showed significant differences (p<0.05) compared to treatments number 1, 5 and 6. In treatments 1, 5 and 6 the final biomass was lower than the initial biomass of P. stratiotes. The greatest biomass reduction occurred in treatment number 6 which was significantly lower than in treatments 2, 3 and 4. The highest sprout production was observed in treatments at 25 ºC, while in treatments at 15 ºC and 30 ºC sprouting was greatly reduced. We conclude that temperature and photoperiod influence P. stratiotes growth and higher growth rates occurred at 25 ºC and 12-hour photoperiod.

Keywords

• efeito de fotoperíodo
• efeito de temperatura
• macrófita aquática
• aquatic macrophytes
• photoperiod effect
• temperature effect