Different results of tracheoplasty for various tracheal diseases

Abstract

Background: Tracheoplasty is a challenging surgical procedure for treating tracheal diseases. Preserving the voice and achieving normal breaths are considered favorable results. This article reports the mid-term results of tracheoplasty. Materials and Methods: From July 1988 to June 2018, a total of 91 adults with various tracheal diseases who underwent tracheoplasty were enrolled in this study. Tracheal diseases were divided into two categories. Category 1 was not related to neoplasm and included posttracheostomy or postintubation tracheal stenosis, caustic tracheal stricture, tuberculous tracheal stenosis, and congenital tracheal stenosis. Category 2 was related to neoplasm and included tracheal neoplasm and tracheal invasion by thyroid cancer or esophageal cancer. The surgical procedures mainly involved segmental resection of the trachea, telescopic anastomosis following a middle split of thyroid-cricoid cartilage, spiral tracheoplasty, and slide tracheoplasty. Results: One hospital death (1.1%) occurred. Favorable results of tracheoplasty were 81.3% (74/91). The failure rate of tracheoplasty was higher in Category 1 (24.2%, 15/62) than Category 2 (3.6%, 1/28). The subglottic involvement also induced a higher failure rate of tracheoplasty (35.3%, 6/17 vs. 13.7%, 10/73). However, the multivariate logistic regression model demonstrated that the category of tracheal disease and subglottis involvement did not statistically significant induce surgical failure of tracheoplasty. Sixteen (17.6%) patients had surgical failure resulted from anastomotic leaks, regrowth of granulation, or subglottic involvement. Conclusions: Carefully evaluating the tracheal lesions and selecting the appropriate surgical procedure can yield favorable results of tracheoplasty.

Keywords

• tracheal disease
• tracheal resection
• tracheal stenosis
• tracheoplasty