Four weeks of electrical stimulation improves glucose tolerance in a sedentary overweight or obese Hispanic population

Abstract

Introduction/purpose: Most US adults (54%) do not meet the minimum exercise recommendations by the American College of Sports Medicine. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) is a novel alternate strategy to induce muscle contraction. However, the effectiveness of NMES to improve insulin sensitivity and ene rgy expenditure is unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect s of 4 weeks of NMES on glucose tolerance in a sedentary overweight or obese population. Methods: Participants (n = 10; age: 36.8 ± 3.8 years; BMI = 32 ± 1.3 kg/m2) were randomized into either control or NMES group. All participants received bilateral quadriceps stimulation (12 sessions; 30 min/session; three time s/week at 50 Hz and 300 μs pulse width) altering pulse amplitude to either provide low-intensity sensory level (control; tingling sensation) or at high-intensity neuromuscular level (NMES; maximum tolerable levels with visible muscle contraction). Glucose tole rance was assessed by a 3-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and substrate utilization was measured by indirect calorimetry and body composition via dual X-ray absorptiometry at baseline and after 4 weeks of NMES intervention. Results: Control and NMES groups had comparable fasting blood glucose, glucose tolerance, substrate utilization, and muscle mass at baseline. Four weeks of NMES resulted in a significant improvement in glucose tolerance measu red by OGTT, whereas no change was observed in the control group. There was no change in substrate utilization and muscle mass in both control and NMES groups. Conclusion: NMES is a novel and effective strategy to improve glucose toler ance in an at-risk overweight or obese sedentary population.

Keywords

• nmes
• insulin resistance
• glycemic control